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Recording

Classical Vienna: Music for Guitar & Piano

James Akers romantic guitar, Gary Branch fortepiano
67:47
resonus res10182
Music by Carulli, Diabelli, Giuliani & Moscheles

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his charming CD takes us evocatively into the Viennese salon of the early 19th century with a programme of domestic repertoire for guitar and fortepiano. It is a genre of which I was hitherto completely ignorant, and the surprise is how well the sounds of period fortepiano and romantic guitar blend, a powerful argument if such needs to be made for the correct use of period instruments. This might incidentally be the moment where I lament the demise of the Finchcocks Museum, where this recording was made, making it the last in a noble tradition. Knowing nothing of the circumstances, I feel that its almost unique assemblage of period keyboard should perhaps be the sort of resource that should be saved for the nation. The 1826 Conrad Graf fortepiano featured here offers a delightful range of tone qualities, while James Akers’ original 1820 Saumier guitar and a 2015 Panormo copy have a distinctive and gentle timbre. Incidentally both the fortepiano and the guitars also get a chance to shine in solo repertoire. With the exception of Diabelli (he of the variations) and the ubiquitous Moscheles, who seems to have sat at the centre of music-making in this era like a spider at the centre of a Europe-wide web, the other two composers represented, Ferdinando Carulli and Mauro Giuliani, are unfamiliar. Their music is jaunty and tuneful rather than profound, but understandably this was the sort of repertoire the Viennese who attended operettas and waltzed the night away at the city’s year-round balls wanted to play and hear in their drawing rooms. As in previous programmes, James Akers demonstrates great musicality and an awesome technique, while his partner Gary Branch handles the various features of the Graf fortepiano with panache, making it sing beautifully or almost whisper depending on the requirements of the music. The intimate acoustic of Finchcocks is probably just right for this repertoire, and if you feel rich enough you can plan your own concerts and recordings there as the property is currently for sale.

D. James Ross

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Uncategorized

Beethoven, Ries: Cello Works

Juris Teichmanis cello, Hansjacob Staemmler fortepiano
67:22
Ars Produktion ARS 38 533
Ries: Sonata op. 20, Trois Airs Russes Variés, op. 72
Beethoven: Sonata op. 5/1

[dropcap]S[/dropcap]ome comparisons are fairer than others. The coupling of the name of Ferdinand Ries with that of Beethoven is justified on a number of counts: like Beethoven he was born in Bonn (in 1784, 14 years after Beethoven), like Beethoven Ries sought to further his career in Vienna, where their paths crossed. After his arrival in the Austrian capital in 1801 Beethoven behaved with considerable generosity toward him, not only giving the impecunious young man piano lessons but also even financial assistance, in return for which Ries acted as secretary and copyist to Beethoven.

There are links, too, between the two major works on this CD, Beethoven Cello Sonata in F, op. 5, no. 1 and Ries’ Cello Sonata in C, op. 20. Both were the work of young men of similar age, the Beethoven dating from 1798, while the Ries was composed during the composer’s sojourn in Paris in 1808. Without explaining why or how, the notes claim that Ries modelled his sonata on Beethoven’s, although it is difficult to see the connection. And it’s worth mentioning here that the notes are long on the kind of biographical and historical detail you find anywhere, but provide no description or analysis of the works included.

In any event, this is where any valid comparison between the two ends abruptly. Although Ries opens his first movement with strong, Beethovenian gestures, he seems more interested in the gentler arpeggiated passage that follows. The development is also much concerned with strong rhetoric, but to my ears to no great purpose, there being much empty passage work for the cello, whose part (termed as obbligato on the title page) seems less rewarding than that of the pianist. The brief Adagio that follows starts with a vigorous tramping motif that promises more than it delivers, the movement subsequently lapsing into a pleasant Romantic reverie. The final movement is a Polonaise in rondo form with an attractive main theme, but in truth the movement amounts to little more than salon music. That applies even more in the case of the Trois Aires Russes Variés, op. 72 of 1818, a mélange woven together to create a colourful if inconsequential mosaic of lyrical and vigorous themes. Beethoven’s F-major Sonata, cuts a totally different figure, of course, a work bursting with a young man’s passion and burgeoning genius. As I said at the outset, some comparisons are fairer than others.

And that might equally well be said for the performances. Juris Teichmanis and Hansjacob Staemmler are both fine musicians who bring a vital, energetic approach to the music, though Teichmanis is often more effective in cantabile passages than more dynamic music, where the nervous intensity of his wiry tone is not always pretty. I suspect – despite the use of period instruments – he is probably happier in later music. Likewise Staemmler, whose playing of more lyrical passages has an agreeable fluency, but who has a tendency to be heavy handed in assertive writing. Anyone seeking the Beethoven will want to look elsewhere; this might serve if you have an urge to investigate Ries.

Brian Robins

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Recording

Berlioz: Romeo et Juliette

Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra & Swedish Radio Choir, Robin Ticciati
94:00 (2 CDs)
Linn CKD 521

[dropcap]N[/dropcap]either on the grounds of period nor performance style does a review of this issue strictly speaking qualify for inclusion in EMR. Yet when the editor offered it to me, my reaction was ‘why not?’; after all Berlioz has played a major role in my concert experience over many years, having grown up alongside Colin Davis’ unforgettable performances of a composer who was to become for me very special. And there is the added interest that the conductor of this set is a protégé of Sir Colin.

Just as Monteverdi stretched the form of the madrigal beyond breaking point, so Berlioz did the same with his three symphonies. In the Symphonie fantastique, Harold en Italie  and Romeo et Juliette, Berlioz changed our perception of what a symphony might or could be. That applies particularly to Romeo with its seven movements, vocal sections and series of descriptive scenes more akin to an operatic scenario than a symphony. At its best – the Scène d’Amour or Queen Mab Scherzo – the work contains some of the greatest music Berlioz (or anyone else, for that matter) ever wrote, and even if we Berlioz enthusiasts would find if difficult to argue against a claim that it also has its weak moments (the final Serment, for example) it remains overall an extraordinary work.

The recording is taken from live performances given in Stockholm in November 2014, the audience being very well behaved. There is much to commend it. Ticciati’s direction is sympathetic, fervent when required and notable for its admirably sensible pacing, observation of Berlioz’ meticulous dynamic demands, and orchestral balance, though I do have a problem hearing the string harmonics in the central section of the Scherzo. Though not the world’s greatest, the Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra in general copes well with Berlioz’s often-cruel demands, though there are places where string ensemble could ideally be better. The opening fugato is just one case in point among a number that might be cited. But there is some lovely playing in the ravishing Love Scene, which builds to a pulsating, tremulous climax. The Swedish Radio Chorus is quite good – more than that in the wonderful in lontano  exchanges between the revellers that preface the Love Scene – but their diction is often poor; they might be singing anything in ‘Jetez des fleurs’ (Juliet’s funeral procession, no. 5). Of the three soloists tenor Andrew Staples is pointed and characterful in the Mab vocal scherzetto, but mezzo Katija Dragojevic’s diction is also poor, while I’m sure Berlioz would not have expected so much continuous vibrato. Alastair Miles is a splendidly stentorian and authoritative Father Laurence, but the voice sounds rather worn and excessive vibrato is also a problem.

This recording has given me considerable pleasure and if, in the final analysis, it cannot compete with Colin Davis’ 1968 Philips version, that may partly be because I’ve now been wedded to that great recording for so long that I’m past conversion.

Brian Robins

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Categories
Recording

Music for a Prussian Salon

Boxwood & Brass
72:53
Resonus RES10177
Music by Baermann, Crusell, J. Stamitz & Tausch

[dropcap]C[/dropcap]omprising two clarinets, bassoon and two horns the period ensemble Boxwood & Brass does very much what it says on the tin. Exploring the music of Franz Tausch is a project which is long overdue. Tausch’s frighteningly virtuosic music for his own instrument, the clarinet, was often cited in books on the early clarinet, sometimes with a degree of skepticism as to whether it could ever actually have been played, and his seminal role as the teacher of the next generation of virtuosi: Heinrich Baermann, Bernard Crussell and possibly Spohr’s clarinettist, Johann Hermstedt. Taught clarinet by his clarinettist father Jacob at the court of Mannheim, Franz Tausch may have played the clarinet concerti of Johann and Karl Stamitz, and indeed it is chamber music by the former, his attractive Three Quartets  for clarinets and horns, which provides some of the context in this programme. The exquisite Adagio  from Heinrich Baermann’s clarinet quintet, ingeniously arranged for clarinets and horns, is also given a airing, while Crusell’s virtuosic Concert-Trio  for clarinet, horn and bassoon is also give a welcome performance.

Perhaps surprisingly in light of the fiery concertos he has left us, it turns out that Tausch’s chamber music is relatively tame, almost conventional, but with occasional unexpected twists of harmony confirming that this is very much ‘romantic’ music. The performances by Boxwood & Brass of this little-explored repertoire are beautifully prepared and executed, with a polished tone from both clarinettists and an authoritative and focused contribution from horns and bassoon. Perhaps reflecting their conceit of a salon recital, the acoustic is quite intimate, but undoubtedly highly appropriate for this charming repertoire. While this CD makes a valuable contribution to our wider understanding of an important aspect of the history of the clarinet, it also provides a very entertaining and rewarding listening experience for the general listener.

D. James Ross

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Categories
Recording

Schubert: Symphony no. 5; Works for violin & orchestra

Capella Savaria, Nicholas McGegan
58:19
Hungaroton HCD 32794

[dropcap]A[/dropcap] much-loved symphony plus three shorter lesser-known works for violin and orchestra which have in common dating of 1816-17 make for a more than usually interesting Schubert collection.

The Symphony No. 5 in B flat of course needs little introduction, a near-perfect work of Classical poise and elegance that has frequently lead to it being termed the most Mozartian of all Schubert’s symphonies. Yet what particularly struck me listening to the present performance is the young Schubert’s skill as a contrapuntist, perhaps an aspect of his writing that we don’t always sufficiently appreciate. That my attention should be drawn to this aspect of the composer’s writing is in itself a tribute to the poised and finely balanced performance Nicholas McGegan draws from Capella Savaria, the Hungarian period instrument orchestra with which he has worked for 30 years. Listen, for example, to the way in which the imitative writing is so clearly yet unobtrusively laid out after the first double bar in the Andante. I like, too, the way in which McGegan gives the cellos and basses real presence. Add to that sensible tempos throughout and a truly affectionate approach to this most lovable of symphonies and the result is a performance that needs no further recommendation.

Of the three works for violin and orchestra the most appealing to my mind is the least known, the Polonaise in B flat, D.580, a work of great charm here given with spirit and elegance by Zsolt Kalló, Capella Savaria’s leader, who produces some especially delicious playing in the central trio section of this brief work. Both the other pieces, the Concert Piece in D, D.345 and the Rondo for Violin and Strings, D.438 are more ambitious, the latter, the only one of the three for which a full manuscript has survived, in particular aiming high. It opens promisingly with a portentous theme that gives way to allow the soloist to steal in with a lovely lyrical melody replete with arabesques and roulades, but once the main dance-like rondo theme is introduced there is insufficient interest to sustain the 14 minutes or so of its duration. That is certainly no fault of Kalló, whose playing both here and in D.345 is exemplary.

Brian Robins

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Categories
Recording

Guitar Works of Victor Magnien

Pascal Valois guitar
63:31
Centaur CRC 3469
Opp. 8, 16, 17 & 28

[dropcap]V[/dropcap]ictor Magnien was born in Épinal (Vosges), but it is not clear from the CD notes exactly when. The title above the list of pieces gives the date 1805, but in his liner notes Pascal Valois says that Magnien was born in 1804. According to Valois, Magnien studied the violin with Rodolphe Kreutzer, and the guitar with Ferdinando Carulli, both in Paris. At least 31 of Magnien’s works were published in Paris between 1827 and 1830. The first six tracks of the CD consist of six Andante (op. 17).

The beginning of Andante no. 1 is prelude-like in character, with a clear melody supported by interesting chords within the harmonic palette of the time. The feeling of andante comes with the introduction of repeated notes in the bass, and the music gradually becomes more agitated, growing to a climax high up the neck, followed by a descending chromatic scale. The piece ends peacefully with a da capo to the prelude-like opening. Andante no. 2 explores the full range of the guitar with broken chords, including a passage of triplets. Six pieces with the same title might suggest sameness, but Magnien’s music is far from samey. Apart from an overall feeling of serenity to calm the souls of his listeners, there is much variety of mood and style. Andante no. 4 begins with the melody in the bass, it becomes a little quicker – poco Allegretto – and ends with a fast flourish up the neck and the ping of a high harmonic. There is much to enjoy in Magnien’s Thème original varié pour la guitare  (Op. 28): a mixture of bustling repeated notes and arpeggios, spiced with chromaticism; a gloomy variation in the minor moves slower with nicely-shaped phrases; the final cadence is preceded by a flurry of diminished chords. It is entertaining stuff, charming, and at times virtuosic. There follow another six Andante (Op. 8) and six Menuets (Op. 16), the music for which may be seen in facsimile on line at the IMSLP website.

I like Valois’ interpretation. He captures Magnien’s contrasting moods with well-shaped phrases and a variety of tone colour, just right for an appreciative salon audience. He plays a guitar by Cabasse-Bernard made in about 1830. It has a clear, bright tone well suited for Magnien’s music. It is a pity there are so many squeaks from what I guess to be wound nylon strings. Maybe gut would have been more suitable.

Stewart McCoy

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Stewart McCoy

Categories
Recording

Schumann: Piano Quintet, Märchenbilder, Fünf Stücke im Volkston

Benvenue Fortepiano Trio with Carla Moore violin  and Jodi Levitz viola
59:48
Avie AV 2365

[dropcap]I[/dropcap] really wanted to like this recording of some of my favourite Schumann chamber music – indeed I have been looking for a fine period instrument recording of the piano quintet. This recording has much to recommend it. The Märchenbilder  for viola and piano are given passionate and lyrical accounts by Jodi Levitz and Eric Zivian while the less familiar Fünf Stücke im Volkston  are revealed by Zivian and Tanya Tomkins to be works of colourful and evocative imagination. However in both these works I was aware of the rather uncomfortably close and slightly dead recording, and this proved to be more of an issue with the piano quintet, perhaps simply because of the involvement of more players. However there also seemed to me to be a slight lack of lustre to the actual playing, and it perhaps due to this that I was also aware of some slightly uncomfortable intonation. I am at a loss to account for these shortcomings in a CD from Avie, a company usually at the forefront of recorded quality, although I note that the recording was made in the USA by an independent recording company. This is a pity, as I feel that in a more supported recording environment this would have been a recording I would have felt very differently about.

D. James Ross

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Book

Bryan Proksch: Reviving Haydn

New Appreciations in the Twentieth Century
viii+292, 2016.
ISBN 978-1-58046-512-0
University of Rochester Press

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his is not, by any means, a full survey of Haydn Reception History in the 20th century. To all intents and purposes the author stops with the 1959 anniversary on the reasonable grounds that the activity since then would require at least one more book. He begins with a scene-setting survey of 19th century attitudes, which could be summed up as ‘audiences like Haydn, but composers/conductors don’t’ (with the possible exception of Brahms, who couldn’t quite bring himself to admit it). This may still be true, at least with regard to conductors (see below).

The first half of the book is then a number of recycled journal articles highlighting the stances of d’Indy, Schoenberg and Schenker towards Haydn – this topic has been a prime interest of the author for 15 years. Now, there’s nothing wrong with this in principle, but such articles do need a bit of a re-think and some less indulgent (or more observant) copy-editing if they are to avoid duplication of material and development of something of the narrative flow that a book needs. On p. 57, for instance, we are introduced to ‘Eusebius Mandyczewski, one of Brahms’s protégés’ and then on p. 115 we meet him again, but as if for the first time – ‘Eusebius Mandyczewski, a Romanian musicologist working in Vienna and a part of Brahms’s circle’. Similarly, p. 186 tells us that ‘Samuel Barber wrote his Fantasie for Two Pianos in the Style of Josef Haydn  (1924)’ while on p. 227 ‘Samuel Barber wrote the Fantasie for Two Pianos in the Style of Josef Haydn  in 1924’. In addition, references to previous or imminent chapters feel blatantly added, and could do with being page specific, where appropriate.

These might seem small points, but cumulatively this kind of thing does create a lumpy feel to the writing as a whole, interesting though much of it is. I found fascinating – perhaps in its seeming unlikeliness – the surge of Haydn performances in mid-1920s New York. The attempts of various nations (Hungary, Croatia, Germany, Austria) to claim Haydn as their own also make for lively and sometimes sobering reading and, being British, I also enjoyed the investigation of Tovey’s various writings and the observations on Vaughan Williams’s changing attitude towards Haydn and folksong.

But, in conclusion, I would say that the Haydn revival post-1959 (even post-2009) is still ‘work in progress’ in terms of regular performances. Although all the symphonies are now available on CD played on period instruments they still make a minimal impact on concert programming and not one ranks in the ‘top 20 symphonies of all time’ in a recent BBC Music Magazine survey (of conductors’ views). However, in the South Bank 2016/17 season they outnumber Mozart by five to one (though nine to one for Wolfie when it comes to concertos) which is verging on the encouraging. I still think that Haydn is the most under-rated of the canonically ‘Great Composers’.

David Hansell

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Categories
Recording

The Soldier’s Return – Guitar works inspired by Scotland

James Akers romantic guitar
61:00
resonus RES10165
Music by Giuliani, Legnani, Mertz & Sor

[dropcap]A[/dropcap]s lecturer in early plucked strings at the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland, James Akers has put together an intriguing programme of romantic guitar music inspired by the traditional music and landscapes of Scotland. In the wake of the vogue for all things Scottish which followed the publication of James MacPherson’s Ossian material, composers throughout Europe tried their hands at Scottish (or perhaps Scot-‘ish’) music, and Akers’ programme includes music by the Italian-born guitarist Mauro Giuliani, Italian opera devotee and guitar virtuoso Luigi Legnani, Spaniard Fernando Sor, and the German guitar virtuoso Johann Mertz. While the latter attempted like his compatriot Mendelssohn to recreate the Scottish landscape, and more specifically Fingal’s Cave, in music, the others wrote pieces in imitation of or variations upon Scottish airs. Employing a period guitar and two modern reconstructions, Aker’s employs his own considerable virtuosity to bring this neglected seam of music to vivid life, and he certainly captures the enthusiasm these composer’s poured into their subjects as well as hinting at the stunning techniques they must all have demonstrated as players. The warm tone of the authentic instruments is a further factor in the success of this CD. Just occasionally I feel that Akers doesn’t fully trust the resonance of his instruments, moving on too soon from some chords in the slower pieces when I would have liked him to linger just a little, but generally speaking this is a revelatory and engaging CD of music which is nowadays almost entirely unfamiliar. Akers’ erudite and wide-ranging programme notes are a real bonus.

D. James Ross

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Categories
Sheet music

German Settings of Ossianic Texts, 1770–1815

Edited by Sarah Clemmens Waltz
Recent Researches in the Music of the Classical Era, 100
A-R Editions, Inc.
liv+156pp.
$260.00

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]here are thirteen songs in this volume; one by Christian Gottlieb Neefe, two by Karl Siegmund Freiherr von Seckendorff, three each by Johann Rudolf Zumsteeg and Johann Friedrich Reichardt, and one each by Friedrich Ludwig Aemilius Kunzen, Friedrich Götzloff, Friedrich Heinrich Himmel and Carl Friedrich Zelter. There is no cause for alarm if these names mean next to nothing to you; Sarah Clemmens Waltz has done a fabulous job, not only in explaining the phenomenon that was Ossianism and its popularity in Germany, but she discusses each of the composers and their contributions in considerable detail. In short, this volume has everything you could possibly need for an Ossian-themed recital – she even gives the range of the piano parts of each!

The texts inspired a rich variety of response from the composers; von Seckendorff’s setting of “Dauras Trauer” is a simple strophic song with a coda that consists of a reprise of the opening eight bars, while Zumsteeg’s “Ossians Sonnengesang” has an additional violin part and moves from the opening B flat major through E major (with some challenging looking double stops for the fiddler in bars 61–63!) and F minor before somehow managing to get back to the tonic 270 bars of arietta, recitative and a slow, surprisingly quiet conclusion. The following number, Zumsteeg’s “Ossian auf Slimora” is even more extensive – 515 bars, again ending slowly and quietly. Himmel’s “Ossian an die untergehende Sonne” also has an independent violin part and is given here with separate voice lines for the German and English version of the text.

Unlike the two other A-R Editions I have reviewed this month, this volume does have to take into consideration that fact that at least some users will want to perform these songs. Thus it strikes me as odd that, for example, the music for song 8 (Reichardt’s “Armins Klage um seine Kinder”) is not placed on facing pages to avoid page turns. The fact that a third page is used for a further five verses of text makes such a layout even more impractical; surely two verses could have been printed below the notes and the remainder in the space below the final system. Götzloff’s “Ossians Klage um Uthal und Ninathona” (the only song in the volume for a bass) is also better suited to a facing pages layout.

The edition itself is impressive, though I wonder if using “[sim.]” might obviate the need for bar after bar of bracketed editorial accents which, no matter how hard the most professional typesetter in the world might work, also strike my eye as rather ugly.

I don’t want to end this review on a negative, though – Clemmens Waltz has done an excellent job in putting together an impressive volume that I sincerely hope will be used as the basis for recitals and recordings!

Brian Clark