Categories
Sheet music

Emanuel Aloys Förster: Six String Quartets. Op. 7

Edited by Nancy November
Recent Researches in Music of the Classical Era, 99
A-R Editions, Inc.
xx+226pp
$240.00

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]hese six four-movement works (in A, F, D, B flat, G and E flat major respectively) were dedicated to Friedrich Wilhelm, the cello-playing Prussian king who had inspired Mozart and Haydn to write music for him. Förster (eight years Mozart’s senior) was a multi-talented musician, teaching keyboard and musical theory in 1780s Vienna, while playing violin and viola in chamber music ensembles (having been an oboist in the Prussian army earlier in his life!)

After a quick opening movement, the tempo lessens for the second, then a menuetto-trio pairing leads into a lively finale. In fact, these are essentially what by that date had become standard Viennese string quartets. For much of the time the 1st violin dominates, though the cello (as mentioned at the beginning of the review) does regularly take the limelight, and the middle parts – though largely harmonic in function, with some neat figuration – are occasionally also allowed to join in (or even lead) the conversation.

The scores are elegant and spacious without being dominated by white space. As there is no need to worry about page turns, some of the layout seems a little random to someone (i. e., me) who spends his life typesetting music (such as turning a page for a single system of a trio, which then requires a turn back of two pages), but since these scores are for study and not conductors or players, such considerations (and observations) are perhaps irrelevant?

The Authentic Quartet have recorded Förster’s three quartets, op. 21, for the Hungaroton label but I have not been able to locate a version of these six works – now that they have been neatly edited (and A-R Editions do sell performing materials for the set) someone can rectify that situation.

Brian Clark

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Categories
Recording

Conversed Monologue

Concerti by J. G. Graun, J.-M. Leclair & W. F. Bach
Fantasticus XL
70:08
resonus RES10166

[dropcap]R[/dropcap]egular readers will know that I am a fully paid-up member of the Fantasticus fan club, so it will come as no surprise that in their latest venture – which sees the three regular members (Rie Kimura on violin, gambist Robert Smith and harpsichordist Guillermo Brachetta) take centre stage as soloist in a concerto, accompanied by a slightly enlarged group (two more violins along with viola, cello, bass and theorbo, as required for a one-per-part ensemble in each piece).

As with all their previous discs, the playing is accomplished and virtuosic, but without letting the difficulty ever take centre stage – demanding the three works may be, but each of the three stars still manage to produce ravishing sounds from their instruments.

Robert Smith is outstanding in Johann Gottlieb Graun’s Concerto in C; his gamba music seems to be drawing ever-wider attention from virtuosos on the instrument, and this captivating performance will surely only enhance both composer and performer’s reputations. Rie Kimura opts for one of the less well-known concertos by Jean-Marie Leclair (op. 10/6 in G minor) and, having previously demonstrated what a natural she is in German and Italian repertoire, she now shows that she is equally at home in the world of the French baroque. Wilhelm Friedemann Bach is surely the least heard of the junior Bachs and Guillermo Brachetta’s rendition of his Concerto in F (BR C13/Falck44) makes me wonder why; here is everything one expects from C. P. E. Bach and more besides…

This is yet another rewarding and entertaining release from Resonus; I hope there are many more to come!

Brian Clark

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Sheet music

German Settings of Ossianic Texts, 1770–1815

Edited by Sarah Clemmens Waltz
Recent Researches in the Music of the Classical Era, 100
A-R Editions, Inc.
liv+156pp.
$260.00

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]here are thirteen songs in this volume; one by Christian Gottlieb Neefe, two by Karl Siegmund Freiherr von Seckendorff, three each by Johann Rudolf Zumsteeg and Johann Friedrich Reichardt, and one each by Friedrich Ludwig Aemilius Kunzen, Friedrich Götzloff, Friedrich Heinrich Himmel and Carl Friedrich Zelter. There is no cause for alarm if these names mean next to nothing to you; Sarah Clemmens Waltz has done a fabulous job, not only in explaining the phenomenon that was Ossianism and its popularity in Germany, but she discusses each of the composers and their contributions in considerable detail. In short, this volume has everything you could possibly need for an Ossian-themed recital – she even gives the range of the piano parts of each!

The texts inspired a rich variety of response from the composers; von Seckendorff’s setting of “Dauras Trauer” is a simple strophic song with a coda that consists of a reprise of the opening eight bars, while Zumsteeg’s “Ossians Sonnengesang” has an additional violin part and moves from the opening B flat major through E major (with some challenging looking double stops for the fiddler in bars 61–63!) and F minor before somehow managing to get back to the tonic 270 bars of arietta, recitative and a slow, surprisingly quiet conclusion. The following number, Zumsteeg’s “Ossian auf Slimora” is even more extensive – 515 bars, again ending slowly and quietly. Himmel’s “Ossian an die untergehende Sonne” also has an independent violin part and is given here with separate voice lines for the German and English version of the text.

Unlike the two other A-R Editions I have reviewed this month, this volume does have to take into consideration that fact that at least some users will want to perform these songs. Thus it strikes me as odd that, for example, the music for song 8 (Reichardt’s “Armins Klage um seine Kinder”) is not placed on facing pages to avoid page turns. The fact that a third page is used for a further five verses of text makes such a layout even more impractical; surely two verses could have been printed below the notes and the remainder in the space below the final system. Götzloff’s “Ossians Klage um Uthal und Ninathona” (the only song in the volume for a bass) is also better suited to a facing pages layout.

The edition itself is impressive, though I wonder if using “[sim.]” might obviate the need for bar after bar of bracketed editorial accents which, no matter how hard the most professional typesetter in the world might work, also strike my eye as rather ugly.

I don’t want to end this review on a negative, though – Clemmens Waltz has done an excellent job in putting together an impressive volume that I sincerely hope will be used as the basis for recitals and recordings!

Brian Clark

Categories
Sheet music

Two Operas from the Series Die zween Anton, Part 2: Die verdeckten Sachen (Vienna, 1789)

Edited by David J. Buch
Recent Researches in the Music of the Classical Era, 98
A-R Editions, Inc.
lxvi+336pp.
$360.00

[dropcap]A[/dropcap]s the editor’s enlightening essay informs us, Die verdeckten Sachen  (which he translates as “The concealed things”) was the second in a very successful series of operas by Emanuel Schikaneder. The huge volume contains a wealth of information as well as a full libretto of the piece (spoken dialogue and concerted music, with parallel English translation), six pages of critical notes and an appendix with three piano scores of arias that only survive in a piano-vocal score of the piece in the Florence Conservatorio library.

There is no certainty about the identity of the composer of the music; most likely, according to Buch, it was a collaboration between some of the singers in the original cast. That consisted of three sopranos, five tenors and three basses. The orchestra has pairs of flutes, clarinets, bassoons, horns and trumpets as well as strings (including a solo violin that heads for the stratosphere in at least one of the arias) and timpani.

The music is tuneful (the singing voices doubled for much of the time by instrumental lines) and, I imagine, effective in telling the story. I should like to see a production some time – the work’s original success (it was in the repertoire for two decades, and was even translated into Czech!) suggests that it is a good evening’s entertainment.

This is the latest in a sequence of editions of this sort of repertoire from A-R Editions and David J. Buch – fabulous work without which it would be impossible to put Mozart’s music into context. Congratulations to all concerned.

Brian Clark

Categories
Recording

The galant lute

Vinícius Perez
62:14
klanglogo KL1515
Haydn: Sonata in C, Hob XVI:10
Kohaut: Sonata in D
Mozart: Divertimento KV 439b/II
Scheidler: Thème de Mozart varié

[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n this very enjoyable CD, Vinícius Perez explores music which is not usually heard on the lute. He begins with his own arrangement of Joseph Haydn’s Sonata in C (Divertimento Hob XVI:10), composed before 1767. The score for piano may be found on the IMSLP site. This is distinctly more classical in style than the Galant of the CD’s title; it has well-balanced phrases and a clear structure. Perez transposes some of the bass notes down an octave to exploit the low diapasons of his 13-course lute, and he adds ornaments where appropriate. In the first movement (Moderato) he plays his own ear-catching cadenza before the initial melody returns, and puts in attractive little flourishes and fast descending scales to enhance the final statement of the theme. A much decorated Menuetto in C major with triplets (effectively 9/8) contrasts with the Trio in C minor without triplets. His embellishment of the Menuetto on its return, is stylish and pleasing. The Finale is marked presto, and Perez bustles along at an exciting speed, stopping for an occasional dramatic pause. A passage of slurred quavers modulating through various keys contrasts with the slick ornamental triplets of the last lap. Perez produces a good sound, dampening notes where necessary to stop excessive resonance, particularly in the bass. This allows him to produce clear, lyrical lines without the underlying muddiness one sometimes hears with baroque lutenists, when diapasons are allowed to ring on too long and jar against each other.

Lesser known today is Karl Kohaut (1726-84), a diplomat, violinist, lutenist and quite prolific composer who lived in Vienna. Perez plays Kohaut’s only surviving Sonata for solo lute. The Adagio is a beautiful piece of music, expressively performed with well-shaped melodic lines, and a spine-tingling passage of high notes towards the end. It is followed by a brisk, yet not rushed Allegro with broken chords and surprising appoggiaturas a semitone below the main note. The Sonata ends with a highly ornamented Menuetto and Trio, where Perez skilfully takes us through a variety of contrasting moods. It is quite delightful.

One does not normally associate Mozart with the lute, but according to the liner notes, a cadenza survives which he wrote for the lute. Certainly Perez’ arrangement of Mozart’s Divertimenti for three basset horns (KV 439b) works extremely well on the lute, and captures the delicacy and finesse one associates with the great composer. I enjoyed the Menuetto and Trio (Track 8), since it was re-written by one of Mozart’s contemporaries in Die Wiener Sonatinen, which I played as a child on the piano.

The CD ends with Christian Gottlieb Scheidler’s Variations on Mozart’s Champagne Aria from Don Giovanni. The second half of the theme is the same as the well-known folk tune “The Keel Row”, a simple tune over just tonic and dominant, but the extravagant variations are far from simple.

Stewart McCoy

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Categories
Recording

C. P. E. Bach vol. 2

Ophélie Gaillard, Pulcinella Orchestra
82:00
Aparté AP118
Sinfonias in C (Wq. 182/3, H. 659) and e (Wq. 178, H. 653), Concertos in B flat (cello, Wq. 171, H. 436) and d (harpsichord, Wq. 17, H. 420), and Piccolo cello sonata in D (Wq. 137, H. 559)

[dropcap]“[/dropcap]First you must feel the emotion that you will then arouse in the listener” is printed under the composer’s name on the reverse of the packaging for this excellent CD. It quotes the composer himself, and is Ophélie Gaillard’s starting point for performing his music, which I must confess she – and her colleagues – does very, very well. She is the star turn in the B flat major concerto and a D major sonata, in which she is partnered on harpsichord by the soloist in the other concerto on the disc, Francesco Corti. He also plays fortepiano continuo in the sinfonias, and I wish he had been allowed to emerge from the texture even more than he does. Nonetheless these are possibly the best performances I have heard of both of those works.

Gaillard and co. clearly get C. P. E. Bach – the fiery lines of the last movement of the C major sinfonia are electrifying. All the more so because the recorded sound is immediate without being narrow; there is plenty of space for the sound to expand into, and when the whole ensemble plays in octaves (as they do quite often!), the effect is simply wonderful.

The cello concerto is something of a masterclass in how to play this repertoire; Gaillard is majesterial, Corti and the continuo cellist dialogue beautifully with her in extended solo passages, the upper strings provide equally sympathetic accompaniment when the composer opts for a change of texture, and the tutti passages are dramatic and neatly delivered. More, please!

Brian Clark

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Categories
Recording

Haydn: String Quartets, opus 50

Quatuor Zaïde
101:06 (2 CDs in a wallet)
NoMadMusic NMM027

[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hile the Quatuor Zaïde are not HIP specialists, their approach to Haydn’s music is utterly “authentic”; they do not “tone down their normal style” to fit the music, they simply get under Papa Haydn’s skin and throw caution to the wind in getting all his energy and wit, as well as the depth and pathos, and conveying it all beautifully to their audience.

[Video in French]

The balance between the four instruments – which is one of the many joys of this quartet – is perfectly captured by the recording team. If you do not know these six fabulous quartets, I cannot think of a finer introduction.

Brian Clark

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[]

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Categories
Recording

Mozart Kurfürstin-Sonaten KV301-306

David Grimal violin, Mathieu Dupouy fortepiano
77:56
Hérisson LH13

[Video in French only]

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he first five of these six sonatas consist of only two movements; the sixth adds a central andantino cantabile to the mix. As well as the fine performances, one of the principle attractions of this CD is the booklet note, which not only paints the background to the sonatas superbly, but also gives details of the Gräbner fortepiano used. When I played these works, it was never quite clear to me whether the violin was accompanying the keyboard, or vice versa, or whether in fact the whole thing was in a state of flux. For the most part, I find the balance between the two works well, and the recorded sound is fabulous. Maybe the pair can go on to record some Hummel sonatas, now? Please.

Brian Clark

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Categories
Book

Frederick Aquilina: Benigno Zerafa (1726-1804) and the Neapolitan Galant Style

The Boydell Press, 2016
xii + 335pp, £65.00
ISBN 978 1 78327 086 6

[dropcap]I[/dropcap] wonder why Malta isn’t in the title. I was there in January last year and reviewed three concerts, one being at the Co-Cathedral of St John’s in Valletta. The Cathedral of St Paul is situated in Mdina, about an hour to the west. Both cathedrals must have been ideal for multi-choral works. The book is very vague about the relationship between them: did Zerafa supply music to both? Such information is very thin. In fact, the index has little to say about St John’s or St Paul’s.

Zerafa’s career began on 1 May 1735 when he was eight; he spent six years from 1738-44 learning his craft in Naples, before returning to Mdina. Much of the discussion of style must have come from that background. This is a thorough survey of his life and works (all ecclesiastical), with extensive comments on the scores, a bibliography and a thorough index. There is very little about his function in Mdina – I get the feeling that the author is more concerned with the galant style of Naples. Did Zerafa only compose for the church, or was his secular work left with a different organisation which hasn’t survived? If Zerafa produced most of his output for Mdina, are there aspects of it which differ from “Neapolitan style”? A quick read of the first and last chapters may well be all the non-specialist requires.

Clifford Bartlett

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Categories
Recording

Handel/Mendelssohn: Israel in Ägypten

Lydia Teuscher, Julia Doyle, Hilary Summers, Benjamin Hulett, Roderick Williams, Choir of The King’s Consort, The King’s Consort, Robert King
82:03 (2 CDs for the price of 1)
Vivat 111

[dropcap]N[/dropcap]one of our regular Handel reviewers felt able to write about this release, which I think is rather a shame, as they would have found much to enjoy in Robert King’s take on Mendelssohn’s take on Handel. I should start by explaining that last sentence… Basically, it is known that Mendelssohn’s produced performances of what all that he could find of the remains of Handel’s oratorio, filled out the texture by adding new wind parts and re-casting the continuo part (as he would later for other baroque works) for two chord-playing cellos and bass, and adding his own overture.

It will surely surprise no-one to hear that in piecing together Mendelssohn’s own fragments, Robert King has done a fabulous job of filling in the gaps and, as usual, bringing together a star-encrusted ensemble to perform and record it. The entire enterprise oozes class, from the packaging and booklet (with a typically informative essay detailling the history I have sketched above), to the outstanding instrumental playing, choral singing (always a stand-out element of any Robert King recording), finely-cast soloists (Lydia Teuscher’s was a new voice to me, but one – like the others! – I look forward to hearing more of very much) and (another bright star in the Vivat sky) the glorious recorded sound. So, yes, perhaps this is not Handel as we know it, but it is Handel as he was heard at the beginning of the early music revival (if you want to think of it like that) and a version of Handel that is very deserving of re-discovery.

Brian Clark

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