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Recording

Comes: O pretiosum

Music for the Blessed Sacrament
amystis, José Duce Chenoll
61:58
Brilliant Classics 95231

[dropcap]A[/dropcap] workmanlike issue of some fine and little-known music, including several recording “firsts”.

Juan Bautista Comes (1582-1643) spent most of his working life in Valencia, as the master of music at the Cathedral and assistant at El Patriarca, the Corpus Christi School and Chapel. His music provides a fascinating link between the Spanish late Renaissance style of Vivanco or Guerrero and the distinctive Baroque of Valls or Cabanilles.

The Blessed Sacrament was particularly venerated in Valencia at this time, and the music recorded here reflects this, with both Latin motets and vernacular villancicos celebrating the Eucharist, in double- and triple-choir music of great stateliness and splendour.

The opening (and eponymous) ‘O Pretiosum’, for eight voices gives a good idea of Comes’ style – I particularly enjoyed the luscious rising chromatic phrases on ‘Pretiosus’ and the extended and satisfyingly contrapuntal final ‘Verus Deus’. The next motet, ‘Quid hoc Sacramento Mirabilius’ also concludes in fine style with a splendidly complex final ‘integer perseverat’, the rigorously worked counterpoint pushing the music firmly into some daringly Baroque harmonies.

Several of the villancicos add lively rhythmic spice to the rich contrapuntal brew – with exciting calls of ‘Basta, Basta Senor’ in the refrain of track 10, ‘A la sombra estais’, for example. ‘Del cielo es esta pan’ (track 7) in contrast, is gentle and reflective, with its haunting concluding ‘dilin, dilin dilin repican’.

Amystis are worthy exponents of this glorious music, negotiating its considerable complexity with aplomb. The motets are accompanied by dulcian, harp and organ, with some discreet wind doubling. The instrumentalists are given more independence in the villancicos, with some vocal substitutions and improvised preludes and interludes.

The acoustic (of the Royal Monastery of San Michael of Lliria, Valencia) is a little dry, but allows the polyphony space to shine.

Alastair Harper

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Recording

Galilei: The Well-Tempered Lute

Žak Ozmo
63:03
Hyperion CDA68017

[dropcap]V[/dropcap]incenzo Galilei (c.1520-1591), father of the famous astronomer, was a remarkable musician. As a member of the Florentine Camerata, he contributed to the evolution of opera, and to the transition from renaissance polyphonic compositions to the new baroque style with elaborate melodies supported by simple chords. He was also one of the first to advocate a system of equal temperament. His Libro d’Intavolatura di Liuto  is a manuscript dated 1584, which was intended for publication, but was never published. It is kept at the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Firenze, as Fondo Anteriori a Galileo 6. A facsimile edition has been published by SPES. The first part of the book contains passamezzi antichi, romanesche and saltarelli, in all twelve minor keys; the second part has passamezzi moderni and romanesche pairs in all twelve major keys, with cross references to saltarelli in the first part. Galilei is clearly making a theoretical point about equal temperament, but in practice there seems little sense playing in keys like F# major, which cause considerable difficulty for the player, with awkward barré chords, hardly any open strings at all, and consequently a difficulty in sustaining notes for uninterrupted melodic lines.

Žak Ozmo begins with a passamezzo antico, romanesca antica, and saltarello in G minor, followed by a passamezzo moderno and romanesca moderna in G major. These are followed by similar pieces in G#/A flat, A, and A#/B flat – four suites in all, and each with the same basic chord sequences. Ozmo’s aim is presumably to show how Galilei has used these five grounds in different keys, and Ozmo does what he can to overcome the lack of variety: he plays the minor pieces with some rhythmic freedom, and the major ones in a stricter tempo. He has chosen not to include any of the gagliarde or other pieces from the third part of the manuscript, which might at least have added some harmonic variety for easier listening.

Ozmo plays nicely with a pleasing tone, but he does not always play exactly what is in the manuscript. For example, alterations to Passamezzo Primo, the first piece in the book, include: bar 5, a full chord of F major (f a c’ f’) is reduced to an octave (f f’); bar 18, he omits two passing notes which look as if the scribe had added them later as an afterthought; bar 22 he omits the note e’ (fret 2 on 2nd course), leaving the suspension unresolved; bars 43 and 50 he omits g (2 on 4) losing the 4 of a 4-3 suspension; bars 51 and 52 he omits the middle note of the last chord of the bar. Galilei’s music can be frustratingly difficult to play, but one wonders if Ozmo’s constant tweaking to make it easier can be justified. At the start of bar 74 of Saltarello Primo there is an awkward chord of C major (3 on 3, 2 on 4, 4 on 5, 5 on 6) amongst a running passage of quavers. All four left-hand fingers are needed for that chord, so it is impossible to sustain it (ideally to the end of the bar), because two of those fingers are also needed for the following notes (2 on 2, and 4 on 2). Ozmo’s solution is to replace the lowest three notes of the chord with an open string (0 on 5), which is much easier to play, and allows the bass c to ring on to the end of the bar.

After so much G minor, it is a pleasant relief to hear Passamezzo moderno in G major. (For this, think Quadro Pavan.) Ozmo chooses the second set of variations (pp. 135-7), playing three out of four of them. Perhaps unhappy with the prosaic ending to the third variation, he replaces its last four bars with the last four bars of the fourth variation, but why not play all four variations complete?

The start of Track 6 comes as a shock: A flat minor after so much G minor and G major, and bizarre chords in bars 44 and 76. In bar 111 Ozmo overlooks a quaver rhythm sign, and so plays 16 quavers as crotchets. In Track 6 he omits quavers in bars 18 and 38, and crotchets in bars 45 and 46.

In spite of my criticisms, Ozmo is to be congratulated on bringing this important manuscript to life, and finding ways to make the music attractive. There is much to enjoy, for example Passamezzo moderno in A, which bounces along gently with well-shaped phrases.

Stewart McCoy

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Recording

Mozart: Piano Trios, KV 502, 542, 564

Rautio Piano Trio
57:11
Resonus RES10168

[dropcap]R[/dropcap]arely does a disc come along that unexpectedly brings so much pleasure as this one; I confess that I was non-plussed (at best) when it fell from the envelope and I saw the repertoire (a staple of the chamber music club I used to have to attend on behalf of the local newspaper) but from the opening notes, I just knew it was a total winner. The balance between the three instruments is beautifully handled (the cello only sometiems emerges from its bass line duties), and the gorgeous tone Jane Gordon gets especially from the upper reaches of her violin is absolutely to die for. The three works on the disc only last just under an hour, but what an hour! According to the booklet note, the Rautio Piano Trio also play modern repertoire on suitable instruments, so they are clearly a force to be reckoned with. I hope they and Resonus will continue to explore period performances of some less well-known pieces for the line-up, too – fabulous recordings, magical performances.

Brian Clark

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Recording

Michna: Loutna Česká / The Czech Lute

Ensemble Inégal, Adam Viktora
50:35
Nibiru 01602231

[dropcap]Y[/dropcap]ou might think the idea of sitting through almost an hour of soprano duet strophic settings of an unintelligible language with only brief ritornelli for a pair of violins would be torture, but not when the music in question is (a) by Adam Michna whose songs all sound like Xmas carols and (b) performed by Ensemble Inégal who could transform even the driest material spring to life. Previous recordings of material from Michna’s settings of Czech poetry have relied on the reconstructive powers of musicologists, but the recent discovery of the original Violin 1 part has meant that Adam Viktora and his excellent musicians take one step closer to the original; indeed, Song 11 now is complete, as it is for only soprano and solo violin above the continuo (here string bass, one plucker and organ – no kaleidoscopic special effects here!) Although the full texts of all the songs are given along with their translation, only selected verses of each are performed. While realizing that this is not the most approachable of music, I would seriously encourage anyone interested in 17th-century music to give it a go; the singing and playing are glorious and Michna’s duets really are very pretty.

Brian Clark

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Recording

Zelenka: Missa Paschalis, Litaniæ Omnium Sanctorum

Gabriela Eibenová, Terry Wey, Cyril Auvity, Marián Krejčík, Ensemble Inégal, Adam Viktora
68:21
Nibiru 01582231

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]here are few composers who rival Zelenka when he is in full festive mood; the Catholic chapel in Dresden must have been an exciting place to be when one of his great masses was performed and the impact of the first performance of his Missa Paschalis ZWV7 with four trumpets and pairs of oboes and flutes can only be wondered at. Adam Viktora’s full forces go at it with aplomb and I even felt the hairs raise on the back of my neck at various points. The mass dates from 1726 and was performed on “the second day of Easter” (i. e., Easter Monday), the piece for the principle feast having been penned by his boss, Heinichen. All that would change within a few years after the latter’s death, although Zelenka was not successul in his efforts to be elected to his official position. He wrote the All Souls Litany ZWV153 in 1735 as part of the court worship in the hope of Maria Josepha’s success in giving birth to an heir; Zelenka seems to have had a fondness for his employer and this work again is full of melodic delights, as well as demonstrations of his impressive counterpoint and word-setting skills. Typically, these performances are judged to perfection with an excellent solo quartet, well-disciplined and balanced choir, and stylish orchestral accompaniments. Every Zelenka fan must own this.

Brian Clark

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Recording

Zelenka: Psalmi Vespertini I

Ensemble Inégal, Prague Baroque Soloists, Adam Viktora
79:56
Nibiru 01612231

[dropcap]C[/dropcap]ontinuing their impressive exploration of Zelenka’s church music, Ensemble Inégal under Adam Viktora have embarked on a series devoted to his settings of Vespers psalms. Not in recreations of services as such, but grouping suitable pieces without the framework – so their is no chant, and neither an ingressus or a hymn. For the first CD, only Confitebor tibi Domine (ZWV72, and the longest work at over 16 minutes) is a world premiere recording, but there will be many more along the way. Janice Stockigt’s typically informative booklet note tells us that the music dates from late 1725 and the presence of a setting of In exitu Israel  suggests Vespers of a Confessor as the most likely original context. There are many magnificent moments, but I derived the greatest joy from the (unexpectedly French sounding) Laudate pueri Dominum, where a solo bass sings against a female angelic choir. I doubt the Dresden Kapelle had singers of such purity of voice, but I also do not think I would enjoy hearing it sung by more operatic voices! Anyone who has not heard the opening of the De Profundis  which is tagged on after the Magnificat  cannot fail to be impressed by the sonorities. This is another magnificent achievement by these Czech performers and I look forward to hearing much more of their discoveries in the years to come.

Brian Clark

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Recording

Concerti Bizarri

Irish Baroque Orchestra, Monica Huggett
73:00
Linn Records CKD526
Music by Fasch, Graupner, Heinichen, Telemann & Vivaldi

[dropcap]S[/dropcap]even concertos for all sorts of combinations of instruments feature on this entertaining disc; there are two pieces each by Fasch (including one without orchestra!) and Graupner, and one each by the other three composers listed above. Of course there are many interconnections between the four German composers; all of them was influenced by the development of the Italian concerto, whose chief exponent was Vivaldi. The solo line-ups are: flute and oboe, two cellos, two violins and bassoon, and flute d’amore (actually played on a normal traverso), oboe d’amore and viola d’amore (possibly not the piece you are thinking of – this is Graupner at his bizarre best). There are solo concertos for oboe (Heinichen) and bassoon (Graupner again). The concerto without orchestra is Fasch’s septet for pairs of oboes da caccia, violas and bassoons with continuo. The music is always earcatching and the captivating performances (and the bright recording) abound with verve and energy; one striking overall impression is the diversity the five composers brought to a single form, by use of instrumental colour and a variety of compositional styles, some opting for virtuosic display, others (by whom I primarily mean Graupner) preferring to find new ways to keep the listener guessing. Definitely an excellent disc from all concerned.

Brian Clark

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Recording

Masterworks and Miniatures

Organ and harpsichord music from Renaissance Venice
Richard Lester
77:53
Nimbus NI 5931
Music by Buus, A & G Gabrieli, Guami, Merulo, Padovano & Willaert

[dropcap]R[/dropcap]ichard Lester plays music by a range of composers who worked in Venice: Buus, the two Gabrielis, Guami, Merulo, Padovano and Willaert. Most are played on an Italian-style organ built in 1977 by Giovanni Tamburini for St. James Catholic Church, Reading with the rest on an unnamed harpsichord. This organ is very well suited to the music and has a bright outgoing organo pieno with good flutes for contrast; Lester’s registration works well throughout. The harpsichord sounds a bit flabby and lacking in brightness in comparison. The playing is confident and rhythm is steady, a bit too much so in the ricercars and toccatas which could do with some more flexibility, but effective in the canzonas. The real meat of the recording is made up of four big toccatas by Merulo interspersed with Intonazioni by Giovanni Gabrieli (though the modes of both are not matched). These toccatas are very substantial pieces and Lester keeps the listener involved throughout. The sleeve notes are a mixed bag: simplistic and out of date on the historical background, especially in comments on the Council of Trent and music, they are informative on the music and organ registration. There are some typos, the more serious of which is that Valvasone, the church in Friuli with an important surviving 1533 organ by Vincenzo Columbi, has here become ‘Valvestone’ (presumably one of those annoying auto-corrections!). This has clearly been a labour of love on Lester’s part and is certainly worth listening to. There is an associated edition of the music and a DVD demonstrating fingering and ornamentation.

Noel O’Regan

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Recording

Nostre Dame

The monophonic Repertoire of the famous NotreDame School
Sanstierce
55:01
Talanton TAL90016

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his is a beautiful recording by Early Music enthusiasts with a special interest in the surviving oral traditions rooted in the Christian and Islamic world. Sanstierce have taken as their theme the Virgin Mary, since she appears in both the Qur’an and the Bible. Two members of the ensemble are German while Bassem Hawar is originally from Baghdad. Some source material for improvisation and embellishment is taken from early manuscripts (Cod. Guelf. Helmst., MS. Pluteus  and Egerton 274); but both Hawar and Schneider have devised their own pieces in appropriate styles and adapted or reconstructed their instruments.

In the opening piece Maria Jonas shows the fine quality of her voice in its range, purity and power, her breath control and command of ornaments, conjuring up the sounds of Islam, which share their roots with Christianity. She masters prolonged vowels, microtones, cadences, and the occasional Arabic catch in the voice, and the sound rings out as if it were a Call to Prayer. The shruti  box provides a drone, and her voice is complemented sympathetically by flute and djoze  accompaniment.

The Middle Eastern atmosphere is further captured in a piece devised by Bassem Hawar with tremulo, pulsing high notes, sliding tones, long phrases and occasionally two strings played simultaneously. Embellishments on high notes are accompanied by plucking and dance-like percussion. In another piece by Hawar djoze  and gittern interweave their sounds, bowing and plucking, with embellishments and off-beats.

Not to be overshadowed, though, Our Lady of Roman Catholicism is asserted with intensity and fervour in two pieces drawn from the Egerton manuscript. One begins with a slow plaintive narrative style and is followed by a fast tuneful movement occasionally slowing into long phrases. Midway is a heartfelt cry “O Maria!” and a harmonium effect from the shruti box. This cry recurs dramatically in the final piece, after slow plucking, wide-ranging tones in the voice, deep string sound and a plaintive mood. The recording ends with a slow dignified dance rhythm which illustrates the divergence of the two cultures brought together by Sanstierce.

The CD cover is illustrated strikingly with the eyes of Maria Jonas appearing as through a hijab. As a substitute for a more expensive booklet, there is small close writing in German and English crammed on to the unfolding cover, and a little about the instruments can be learnt from a Sanstierce website. But then, Talanton specialises in some wonderfully unusual recordings.

Diana Maynard

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Categories
Recording

Marais: Pièces de viole, Cinquième livre (Paris, 1725)

Leif Henrikson bass viol, Lars-Erik Larsson theorbo
57:38
Daphne 1050
Suites in 3, G & g

[dropcap]I[/dropcap] enjoy the combination of bass viol and theorbo, it is less busy than the more usual harpsichord, and allows the viol player a wider range of dynamics, or at least, that is what one feels. Someone like Paolo Pandolfo doesn’t have any problem communicating his soft playing in any company. However, not to make invidious comparisons, this is a very enjoyable performance of three suites from the 5th and final of Marais’ great series of Livres, and it opens with the suite in E minor which concludes the book. As it happens, the Allemande of that suite is extensively marked by Marais, with enflés, doux  and fort, and Traisné, so it is a little disappointing not to hear them more exaggerated. They play seven movements from that suite (thankfully omitting the famous ‘Operation’) with an engaging deftness, frequently going his own way rather than observing Marais’ signs for enflé, or even his specifying an open string, but the playing is not without its charm.

The G major suite follows, with eight of its movements. In his publication, Marais marks those movements he describes as more difficult with what he calls a cartouche, and of the movements they choose, only one is so marked. However one has to be a very good player to play the ‘easy’ movements as well as they are played here. He has an understated approach to the chords, for example, which emphasises the bass, and his ornamentation is delightfully light. And the charming Chaconne  (with its cartouche) is given a typically poised and expressive performance.

The G minor suite, of which they play ten movements, including Le tombeau pour Marais le Cadet  perhaps demonstrates the characteristics of the player – beautifully light and deft, but ultimately lacking that rhetorical flair which can make this particular movement very affecting.

Robert Oliver