Categories
Recording

Gypsy Baroque

Il suonar parlante orchestra, Vittorio Ghielmi
58:58
Alpha Classics Alpha 392

[dropcap]B[/dropcap]ehind the almost film poster of a booklet cover with galloping horse feet across the dusty plains, we encounter an assortment of works, some extracted from their familiar Baroque settings, and re-cast in an arranged gypsy mode, some pieces as arrangements of more traditional themes. It is rather like taking a whistle-stop tour through Transylvania and beyond whilst looking through a shifting musical kaleidoscope at this earthy, spirited, often rustic, stomping music. There are moments of captivating beauty too; the two guest musicians provide extra colour Dorothee Oberlinger’s sopranino recorder in one piece, and Shalev Ad El in the F. Benda work dazzle with their dextrous ease. The great gusto  and joie de vivre  of many of the other works shine through with the various soloists and a leader on great form. We pass through the foothills, the taverns, and country dances with the odd traditional song along the way. The front cover might have led to Telemann’s “Les courreurs” (TWV55:Es1 or TWV55:B5) or even “Les Scaramouches” (third movement of “La Changeante” TWV55:g2). The second Telemann extraction and arrangement, Track 7 on this CD, has gone for a bagpipe effect on the gamba, when the French clearly implies “Vielle” i.e. “hurdy-gurdy” or Lyra mendicorm, which in the original suite is couched between Menuets I/II and a Sicilienne avec Cadenze, and has real rustic impact! Here the drone dominates, and the snappier rustic tempo wanes. This recording offers more of the trend towards “Gypsyfication”, taking us from the polite salons of formal Baroque concerts into the middle and Eastern European fields, crossing almost into Istambul. Some of the violin playing reminded me of the great Stéphane Grappelli with lashings of improvisatory zeal. I wasn’t entirely won over by the Vivaldi, a tad more with the Mozart; the Benda was superb! Not to everyone’s taste, but a colourful tour nonetheless.

David Bellinger

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Categories
Sheet music

Anthology of Spanish Renaissance Music for Guitar

Works by Milán, Narváez, Mudarra, Valderrábano, Pisador, Fuenllana, Daça, Ortiz
Transcribed by Paolo Cherici
Bologna: Ut Orpheus, 2017 CH273

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his well-chosen anthology comprises solo music for the vihuela transcribed into staff notation for the modern guitar, and music for the viola da gamba with SATB grounds arranged for two guitars. For the vihuela pieces the guitar must have the third string tuned a semitone lower to bring it into line with vihuela tuning. Paolo Cherici selects a wide variety of pieces from all seven printed sources of vihuela music, including well-known favourites and pieces which are not too difficult. From Luis Milán’s El Maestro  (1536), there are ten Fantasias (nos 1-5, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 14), all six of the popular Pavanas, and a long prelude-like Tentos (the only piece in the anthology which has a page-turn). Milán’s information preceding each piece has been included in Spanish with the music, and a translation into Italian and English is helpfully provided in Cherici’s Preface. Editorial changes are given as footnotes, and missing notes are supplied in brackets. In Fantasia 2 I would have let Milán’s accidentals stand in bars 30 and 31, but I like the inclusion of a’ in bar 57, which maintains imitation amongst the voices. A footnote for Fantasia 4 offers an alternative transcription of six bars, which is no different from the main text. I guess the editor meant one version to have a strict three-voice texture and the other not, but somehow the two versions have accidentally ended up the same. From Luys de Narváez’s Los seys libros del Delphin  (1538) come four Fantasias (including the delightful Fantasia 2, which found its way into the Willoughby lute book in Nottingham), variations on Conde Claros, his evergreen variations on Guardame las vacas, and La Cancion del Emperador (which is an intabulation of Josquin’s Mille regretz). There are 13 pieces from Alonso Mudarra’s Tres Libros de Musica en Cifras para Vihuela  (1546). I suppose it is inevitable that Cherici should choose the old war-horse, Fantasia che contrahaze la harpa en la manera de Ludovico. Where else does a renaissance composer advise the player that the “wrong” notes towards the end of the piece are deliberate, and won’t seem so bad if you play them well? In bars 115 and 117 Cherici reproduces the notes as Mudarra had them, but I wonder if there is a case for changing them to match the rest of the sequence from bars 111 to 122, if only in a footnote. In three of the Fantasias by Mudarra the player is required to use the “dedillo” technique – using the index finger to play up and down like a plectrum. Of the nine pieces from Enriquez Valderrábano’s Silva de Sirenas (1547), three are marked “Primero grado”, i.e. easiest to play. Diego Pisador is less well known than the other vihuelists, perhaps because his Libro de musica de vihuela  (1552) contains pages and pages of intabulations of sacred music by Josquin and others. However, there are some small-scale attractive pieces of which Cherici picks five including a simple setting of La Gamba called Pavana muy llana para tañer. The eight pieces from Miguel de Fuenllana’s Orphenica Lyra  (1554) include Juan Vasquez’s well-known De los alamos. Estaban Daça is represented by two Fantasias from his El Parnasso  (1576), the second designed to “desemvolver las manos”. Cherici completes his anthology with eight Recercadas and Quinta pars from Diego Ortiz’s Tratado de glosas  (1553), which he has arranged for two guitars. Guitar 2 plays a simple ground – Passamezzo Antico, La Gamba, etc. – arranged for four voices, while Guitar 1 plays Ortiz’s entertaining divisions, noodling around the other voices up and down the fingerboard. To maintain a range similar to the bass viol (with a top string tuned to d’) for a guitar (with a top string e’) Cherici raises the pitch by a tone for Recercadas 4, 6, 7 and 8, but for the other pieces the music is transposed down a third for Guitar 2, and up a sixth for Guitar 1. This is sensible, since the original keys of G minor and F major, which are somewhat awkward to play on the guitar, are now transposed to a more comfortable E minor and A major. Lowering the third string of the guitars by a semitone to match the tuning of the vihuelas is not essential for the Ortiz pieces, but it would make life easier for Guitar 2, particularly for chords of B major and some chords of D major.

All in all this is an excellent anthology, with lots of useful information in the Preface, and I wish I had a copy when I used to play Spanish renaissance music on my classical guitar years ago.

Stewart McCoy

Categories
Recording

A tribute to Telemann

La Spagna, Alejandro Marías
71:39
Lukos Records 5451CRE80843
TWV51: A5; 52: a1, G1; 55: D6, G10

[dropcap]E[/dropcap]ntering into the ever-expanding ranks of recordings of these quite familiar, yet discerningly witty and descriptive pieces, we have La Spagna’s offerings under a strawberry and vanilla cover now joining the 15+ of TWV55:D6, and approaching 30(!) of the “Burlesque de Quixotte” suite in G major TWV55:G10. The once unfamiliar concerto for gamba and strings, TWV51:A5, has at least four known recordings. Note that the concerto for recorder, gamba and strings is wrongly identified, and should be TWV52:a1! It is widely accepted that Telemann’s concertante gamba works were conceived with the Darmstadt virtuoso Ernst Christian Hesse in mind; he studied under Marais and Forqueray in Paris.The musicians of the Darmstadt court orchestra worked closely with Telemann during his Frankfurt period (1712-1721), especially during large public performances. In the D major gamba suite here, we encounter within the French framework many keen nods towards the Italianate concerto style; it is a hybrid with added idiomatic effects e.g. La Trompette, one of several brass simulation effects found in TWV55… Another example is the 3rd movement from TWV55:B4, Les cornes de Visbade. With the present director being a gamba and cello player, the choice of repertoire is hardly surprising; yet one feels a wider selection could have made for a better tribute during the anniversary year; perhaps a couple of the wonderful violin and gamba sonatas from TWV42 which are played so well online by this very ensemble!

This all said, the director and the musicians give a balanced, unforced account of these familiar works.

David Bellinger

Categories
Recording

Telemann at Café Zimmermann

Die Freitagsakademie
72:39
Winter & Winter 910 245-2
TWV42:g5, 43:a5, 51:A2, 55:C6 & g4

[doprcap]O[/dropcap]n the face of it, this would be a perfect disc for me; sandwiched between two of my favourite ouverture-suites (with three oboes!) are one of his most beloved trio sonatas (this one for violin and oboe), a nice oboe d’amore concerto, and – by way of a treat – a piece I don’t think I’ve ever heard before, one of his four-part string pieces (this one is labelled “sonata”). That, however, is where the excitement reached its climax. The paltry notes (printed on the inside of the wings of the triptych packaging – German to the left, English to the right) are little more than a potted biography of the composer up to the point he established his Collegium Musicum that Zimmermann’s café would later host and then some blurb about that establishment; nothing, in other words, about the music or why it was selected for inclusion. The performances are a mixed bag; while the chamber music (by which I mean everything that is not an overture-suite, even though they, too, are played one-to-a-part) is pleasant enough (the biting string playing in some of the dances are less in evidence, for example), there are two aspects of the suites that I found less attractive; the tinkling of the harpsichord that rather distracted the ear from the actual melodies at several points (and I cannot help wondering if some of the overly mannered slow movements were paced simply to accommodate such indulgence), and the overmiked growly violone – there were times when I had to turn the volume down (on more than one player) to mask the distortion.

Brian Clark

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Categories
Sheet music

Alessandro Melani: Music for the Pauline Chapel of Santa Maria Maggiore

Collegium Musicum Yale University, Second Series:
Volume 22
Edited by Luca Della Libera
A-R Editions, Inc.
XVI, 2, 208pp. $330
ISBN 978-0-89579-866-4, ISSN 0147-0108

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his volume contains nine pieces for a service in the Pauline Chapel in one of Rome’s most important chapel which became known as the “Salve” on account of the frequent use of the Marian antiphon, Salve Regina. The most substantial – as much by virtue of the length of the text as anything else – are four settings of the Litanie per la Beata Vergine. Three of them use a two-choir format, contrasting one SSATB grouping with a standard SATB line-up; this oversimplifies the scheme, though, as Melani is the master of mix and match, sometimes juxtaposing just the upper voices of both choirs, or just the top sopranos of each. Two of the Marian antiphons are similarly scored (and equally impressive), while the others contrast a fairly virtuosic solo soprano line with the tutti grouping. Without exception, these well-written pieces are all very worth performing. There is one slight problem with such an endorsement: my jaw literally fell open when I saw the price of the volume. I can only hope that A-R Editions offer off-prints of the separate works at reasonable prices; it would be a tragedy if Della Libera and his colleagues had put so much hard work into the preparation of these beautiful new scores, only for them to be confined to the shelves of the world’s elite libraries.

Brian Clark

Categories
Recording

Handel: German Arias & Trio Sonatas

Gillian Keith soprano, Florilegium
78:00
Channel Classics CCS35117
HWV202-210, 386b, 398 + Concerto a Quattro in d

[dropcap]H[/dropcap]andel set nine of Brockes’s German aria texts to music for soprano, unspecified instrument and continuo; for their recording, Florilegium choose flute (Ashley Solomon) and violin (Bojan Cicic) supported by cello and continuo. They are divided here into three groups of three, each preceded by an instrumental piece (op. 5/3 in E minor, op. 2/1 in B minor and the HWV-less Concerto a Quattro in D minor with obbligato cello). I regret to say that, while the instrumental playing is fine and much of the singing similarly pleasant, there are things that I found rather disagreeable, primary amongst them Gillian Keith’s tendency (especially in the upper reaches of her voice and even more so in some of the, to my ears at least, unexpectedly awkward decorations and cadenzas) to be rather shrill. I am puzzled why “one of Britain’s most outstanding period instrumental ensembles” would seriously suggest that the unspecified obbligato instrument would change for the B section of a Da Capo aria; I had a ridiculous image in my mind of a be-wigged flautist bowing deeply as his violin-playing colleague took over, and then the reverse occurring a few moments later. If there is a technical reason that the middle part of an aria doesn’t particularly suit the flute, then the most likely scenario is that Handel didn’t ever imagine it being played on that instrument at all. In fact, this resonated with something I’ve long believed of the many incarnations of Florilegium, namely their apparent lack of curiosity for new repertoire; I understand that attracting a concert audience relies on strategic planning – far more people will come to a concert of Handel than a hotchpotch of even fabulous pieces by lesser-known composers, but when you have done all the hard work and established an international reputation, CD recordings are surely the way to introduce your loyal fan base to the wealth of first-rate music written for your line-up – how about some Quantz? Or Janitsch – his quartets are increasingly well known, but few people have even looked at his trios…

Brian Clark

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Categories
Recording

Bach: The Art of Fugue

Brecon Baroque, Rachel Podger
71:08
Channel Classics CCS38316

[dropcap]I[/dropcap] haven’t heard as persuasive an account of The Art of Fugue  since Fretwork released their elegant version in 2002. In Brecon Baroque, Rachel Podger has gathered some of her stellar friends and made this fine CD which has clarity and passion, as well as thought-provoking decisions about scoring.

I have listened to a number of performances on the organ, which in some ways seems to be the obvious medium for such intellectually abstract and challenging music; but I find Podger’s acute judgment as to what might be the best combination of instruments to shape the character of each piece as sound as her flawless and committed playing. We have the Canons “alla Decima” and “alla Duodecima” played on the harpsichord, which appears in other movements – but not all – as a basso continuo. The string players can appear as two violins, viola and ‘cello, or as violin, two violas and ‘cello or any combination in trio. The order seems wholly logical, and the importance of this recording is greatly enhanced by a splendid essay by John Butt on the compositional techniques that are demonstrated in this extraordinary compendium of canonic and fugal writing Bach drew together as Die Kunst der Fuge. This booklet is a model for what a booklet should be, and it is a real treat to have such a scholarly but accessible essay.

The playing is wonderful – a viol-like edge and clarity where that is required; a sense of growing intensity through the gathering complexities of the work; and the final Contrapunctus left hanging, unfinished in the air with its wistful resolution unfulfilled. I much enjoyed this remarkable display of heartfelt musicianship and hope that the performance will receive the accolades it deserves.

David Stancliffe

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Categories
Recording

Bach in Black

Violin concertos in minor keys & selected works for alto voice
la voce strumentale, Dmitry Sinkovsky violin, countertenor, conductor
61:23
naïve OP 30567
BWV 1041, 1052, 1056, extracts from BWV 232, 244 & 245

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]here are a number of recordings made as “calling cards”, and this seems to be one of them as it features the variety of talents that Dmitry Sinkovsky and his Russian period instrument string ensemble (2.2.2.1.1) can exhibit. But mainly just Dmitry Sinkovsky. Not only does he direct the ensemble and act as the soloist in the three Bach violin concertos – BWV 1052, BWV 1056 and BWV 1041 – all later re-worked for harpsichord; he also sings three well-known alto arias. Presumably he recorded these using a voice-over technique, as I can’t imagine he would have let the violin solo in “Erbarme dich” from the Matthew Passion be played by anyone else.

There is some odd phrasing in the arias, but what I dislike most is his tight, narrow vibrato which creates an unsuitable sound for Bach and doesn’t match the sinewy strings. Nor do I like his violin playing: it is too aggressive, too controlling and too far from the intertwined spirit of Bach. You sense that this musician is more interested in self-promotion than in serving Bach’s music.

This is not a recording that I can recommend to the readers of the EMR.

David Stancliffe

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Categories
Recording

Bach: Famous Organ Works

Joseph Kelemen (Christoph Treutmann organ, Klosterkirche Grauhof)
70:22
BWV534, 546, 562, 575, 582, 595, 664, 717, 736 & 1080

[dropcap]C[/dropcap]Ds with titles like “Famous Organ Works” strike chill into a reviewer’s heart, but this CD from the reputable OEHMS label is a fine and varied recording, designed to display the qualities of this remarkably well preserved Christoff Treutmann organ in the Klosterkirche Grauhof dating from 1734-7 – his largest and only surviving instrument, relatively recently (1989-1992) conserved by the Hillebrand brothers, who tonally only had to re-make the mixtures.

For the music, the programme centres on major works in minor keys – the Prelude and Fugue in C minor BWV 546 contrasted with BWV 717, 562 and 595; the Prelude and Fugue in F minor BWV 534, Contrapunctus I from Die Kunst der Fuge  accompanied by “Valet will ich dir geben” BWV 736, the trio on “Allein Gott in der Höh’ sei Ehr’” BWV 664 and the little Fuge BWV 575 before finishing with the Passacaglia BWV 582.

Notable in these performances on this instrument is Keleman’s ability to produce clarity – even in fugal writing – with a full manual chorus based on a 16’ principal and a splendid pedal including 16’ & 8’ reeds, which are wonderfully prompt-speaking. Astonishingly creative in his performance of the Passacaglia and Fugue – played without any change in the registration – are his minute variations of tempo and weight conveyed by very subtle articulation over an unchanging pedal of just the 16’ & 8’ reeds, with a 4’ principal. The smaller scale works allow us the opportunity to hear the well-balanced combinations of ranks, and to assist the listener’s appreciation, there is not only a full specification but the detailed registration of each piece. Kelemen’s notes (in German and English) on the organ as well as on his choice of music draw attention to the tierce rank in mixtures on two of the manuals, and prepare us for the major/minor ambivalence when we hear open fifths played – as at the start of the C minor Fantasia in the organ’s unequal temperament.

This is a well-produced and valuable CD, giving us insight on how – on an appropriately constructed instrument – well thought-out registrations as well as beautifully prepared playing can bring sensitive variety to works we so often hear with large numbers of fussy changes in registration, presumably designed to divert us from being bored by dull, loud modern organs.

David Stancliffe

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Recording

Heinrich Schütz: Complete Recording Box II

Dresdner Kammerchor, Hans-Christoph Rademann
(= vols. 9-14 previously released separately)
Carus 83.042

[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hy are we so reluctant to accord Schütz his place on Parnassus that his unquestionable stature demands? I’m not the only one to believe he may well qualify as the most neglected of all great composers. It must be confessed that I am not free of guilt myself. Every time I hear his music my reaction is invariably the same: ‘Good Lord! Why on earth don’t I listen to this man’s music more often?’ So the arrival of an 8-CD set taken from Carus’ award-winning intégrale has provided a golden opportunity to atone by doing just that. Not that I’ve binge listened; rather the reverse in fact – there must have been times when Brian wondered if he was ever going to see this review. But each return to the set has brought renewed admiration and awe at the staggeringly high quality of an output that truly represents a summation of mid-17th-century sacred music. Of course, not everything is a masterpiece, but there is not a work here – large or small – that does not testify to the profound spirituality and level of communication that informs Schütz’s settings of sacred texts.

A few general observations before brief notes on individual CDs. The performances under Hans-Christoph Rademann are almost without exception of the highest quality, which is all the more remarkable given the large number of personnel involved in varied works demanding very diverse vocal and instrumental performing forces. My sole major reservation is that I feel that Rademann uses choral forces that are often too large; I feel this applies especially to Symphoniae Sacrae III (1650), which surely need only single voices to supplement the favoriten  (soloists)? This is perhaps also the place to note the splendid sound quality and outstanding documentation that includes copious notes and full texts. There is, however, no English translation, although those sufficiently interested and determined will find many of the texts in the Bible, references always being given.

CD 1. The Auferstehunghistorie  (Resurrection Story) is the earliest of Schütz’s oratorios, designed for Easter Vespers and first performed in 1623. It shows clear signs of the Venetian influences that played an important role in the composer’s development, but – particularly given the subject matter – exercises quiet restraint rather than exuberance. The Evangelist’s narrative is largely in the stile recitativo and accompanied by a rich tapestry of gambas. The extensive role is superbly taken by tenor Georg Poplutz and all the solo singers are excellent, though the light-weight bass Felix Rumpf might have been a more authoritative Jesus. Among several extra works, the exceptional dialogue duet “Es gingen zweene Menschen” (the parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector) vividly illustrates how exceptional an opera composer Schütz might have become. (His sole opera, Dafne is among music’s most grievous losses).
CD 2. Justifiably one of the composer’s most popular works, the Weihnachtshistorie (Christmas Story) is probably also the most lovable, its vibrant colour and freshness all the more extraordinary when one recalls Schütz was in his 76th year when the oratorio was composed in 1660. Poplutz is again a supremely expressive Evangelist, while soprano Gerlinde Sämann’s charming Angel is another major plus in a vital performance that stands comparison with any of the better versions currently in the catalogue. In addition to the oratorio, there are a number of motets associated with Christmas, among them the exquisitely lovely choral setting “Ach Herr, du Schöpfer aller Ding,” SWV450.

CD 3. At the opposite polarity to the brilliant colours of the Weihnachtshistorie  are three Passion settings made by Schütz at the end of his long, industrious life. Of these the best known is the Matthäus-Passion  (St Matthew Passion), a work in which everything is pared down to essentials – it consists largely of chant, throwing the crowd interjections into the sharpest relief – that might have produced a forbiddingly austere impression, were it not for an astonishing directness that projects the story with compelling clarity. Poplutz is again a marvellous Evangelist, singing with great subtlety, though the splendid Felix Schwandtke (Caiphas) might have made for a more imposing Jesus than Rumpf.

CDs 4 & 5. Published in 1650 Symphoniae sacrae  III is a sumptuous collection of concerted works on texts drawn from the Psalms and New Testament. Free from the horrors of the 30 Years War and the consequential emasculation of his performing forces, this magnificently celebratory and variegated collection finds Schütz returning to the brilliance and vitality of his earlier Venetian writing. Starting from the exquisite setting of “Der Herr ist mein Hirte” (Psalm 23) the collection progresses to the highly dramatic “Saul, Saul, was verfolgst du mich” to the splendour of that ultimate Lutheran hymn of praise, “Nun danket alle Gott”. With the exception of the caveat regarding choral forces noted above, the performances are outstanding on all counts.

CD 6. Like the St Matthew Passion, the Johannespassion  (St John Passion) employs an extreme economy of means, the story compellingly transmitted with a directness in which expressivity is again only enhanced by the apparently austere setting. The climax at “Es ist vollbracht!” (It is finished) is quite as overpowering as anything found in more grandiose settings. The Evangelist here is the excellent Jan Kobow, the weakness the experienced but lugubrious bass Harry van der Kamp. Again the contrapuntal choruses provide stark contrast. The Passion is preceded – as it is in the St Matthew Passion, by the Litany, in this case with singing of angelic purity from sopranos Ulrike Hofbauer and Marie Luise Werneburg.

CDs 7 & 8. Dating from 1629 Symphoniae sacrae  I predates the third set by more than 20 years, deriving from the musical travels on which he soaked up a variety of influences, in particular in this instance Venetian music. These are small-scale concertos (there is no chorus) for between one and three voices and continuo. Notwithstanding their remarkable variety, in particular a group based on texts from the Song of Solomon Schütz embraces the lascivious texts with a degree of sensuality rivalling Monteverdi in a way that might surprise those who regard him as a stern Lutheran. The thoroughly idiomatic and involving performances are spread between ten singers, all of whom have already distinguished themselves on earlier discs.

Brian Robins

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