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Recording

Un Opéra pour trois rois

A Versailles entertainment for Louis XIV, Louis XV & Louis XVI
Chantal Santon-Jeffrey, Emőke Baráth, Thomas Dolié, Purcell Choir, Orfeo Orchestra, György Vashegyi
93:46 (2 CDs in a card folder)
Glossa GCD 924002

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his is quite the daftest (musical) idea I have come across in quite some time, a pretentious conceit that simply does not work. It is surprising to find the Centre de musique baroque de Versailles cited as co-producers. Its objective can be found in the subtitle: ‘A Versailles entertainment for Louis XIV, Louis XV and Louis XVI’. So what we have is a pastiche that amounts to a huge divertissement with music drawn from composers ranging from Lully through to Gluck and Piccinni and arranged in roughly chronological order. Given that the work is stitched together to form a continuous whole divided into two parts, it, of course, makes little musical sense given the considerable stylistic differences to be encountered during a period spanning over 100 years.

Three characters are involved in this ‘opera’, Apollo (the bass Thomas Dolié), La Renommée (Fame) and La Gloire (Glory), sung by the sopranos Chantal Santon-Jeffery and Emőke Baráth. The text employed is unchanged from its place in the work from which it has been unceremoniously ripped, there thus being not only no dramatic sense or logical continuity, only confusing references to characters that play no part in the present entertainment. In a desperate search for positives, there is quite a lot of music that you won’t find anywhere else on records. I was, for example, delighted to make the acquaintance of the noble récitative  and chorus ‘La volonté du ciel’ from Dauvergne’s ballet Le Retour du printemps  (Versailles, 1765), while, if the chorus from Piccinni’s Atys  (Fontainebleau, 1780) is anything to go by, this tragédie lyrique  might be well worth an airing. But it has to be admitted that there’s some fairly mundane stuff here too, and, by and large, it is the familiar extracts that are the most satisfying. Indeed, in this company, the great opening chorus of lamentation for the dead Castor and aria for Telaire, ‘Tristes apprêts’, from Rameau’s Castor et Pollux  stand out like a shining beacon, though employing the ‘Air sauvage’, the hit number from the same composer’s Les Indes galantes, as the finale smacks of gratuitous opportunism rather than considered judgment.

‘Tristes apprêts’ is beautifully sung by Baráth, who is by some margin the best of the three soloists. As in the past, I find Santon-Jeffery one of the less appealing of the plethora of sopranos (and mezzos) France seems to produce so readily in the early music field. While the voice is not unattractive, it is not steady enough and she uses too much vibrato. Dolié is a bass I’ve greatly admired in the past, especially in György Vashegyi’s splendid recording of Mondonville’s Isbé, but he doesn’t seem at his best here. Similar reservations might be applied to Vashegyi’s direction, which – while never less than idiomatic – is a little earthbound, compared to earlier work in French Baroque repertoire. His period instrument orchestra plays well enough, but without the élan and finish of an ensemble like Les Talens Lyriques, who I’ve probably heard too much recently to avoid invidious comparisons. The choir, a sizable body, is capable but at times too opaque for this music.

Not then, I think, an essential recording and, having proved himself adept in this repertoire, I hope Vashegyi will another time give us something rather more substantial.

Brian Robins

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Recording

Mozart: Freimaurermusiken

Jan Kobow, Maximilian Kiener, David Steffens TTB, Salzburger Hofmusik, Wolfgang Brunner
62:58
cpo 777 917-2

[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n recording all of Mozart’s music for Freemasonry, even reconstructing two fragmentary sources, Salzburger Hofmusik have helped fill out an aspect of Mozart’s life which was very important to him. While none of the music here strikes me as a masterpiece – and why would we expect such functional music to aspire to this status? – it is fascinating to hear the basic musical stock onto which Mozart would elsewhere graft his genius. The best of the bunch are the Masonic pieces for clarinets and basset horns – Mozart’s clarinettist of choice and friend Anton Stadler was also a freemason; the beautifully crafted Adagio for two clarinets and three basset horns is certainly memorable. I have heard Salzburger Hofmusik sound fresher and more convincing in other repertoire, and felt that they had perhaps succumbed to the fact that some of this music is simply a bit dull. Better to hear the genre magically transformed in the likes of The Magic Flute than to listen to what is in effect occasional music.

D. James Ross

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Recording

Ararat: France-Arménie, un dialogue musical

Canticum novum, Emmanuel Bardon
58:00
Ambronay AMY 040

[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n a fashion which has been growing over recent years, encouraged by the example of Jordi Savall and others, this CD blends an ensemble of traditional Armenian and early instruments with voices in accounts of sacred and secular music associated with Armenia. I have got past grumping about the lack of rigorous scholarship behind such projects and now just enjoy the sounds of melodies, passed down through indeterminate generations, played on evocative instruments which suit them very well.

Indeed, it would be a cold listener who is not transported by the plaintive sounds of duduk  and kanun, even though the ancestry of both these instruments in their modern form is doubtful, and the technology of the kanun  as we know it could hardly predate the 18th century. The pleasing “give and take”, as the traditional melodies are developed and passed around the ensemble, are enhanced by the vocal contributions of Barbara Kusa and Emmanuel Bardon, the former with a hauntingly poignant voice, the latter slightly too operatic for my taste with an indulgent inclination to vibrato and portamento. The overall effect is narcotically beautiful and very evocative, although a health warning would need to be attached to any suggestion that this is the authentic sound of ancient Armenia.

D. James Ross

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[The video is in French!]

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Recording

Early Modern English Music 1500-1550

Tasto Solo
58:00
passacaille 1028
Music by Ashton, Cooper, Henry VIII, Preston & anon

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he three members of Tasto Solo play organetto, hammered clavisimbalum and Renaissance harp respectively, and, notwithstanding the name of the group, usually together in ensemble. Any reservations I have about historical evidence that three instruments of this kind ever played music of this kind together are blown away by the sheer musicality and dynamism of Tasto solo’s performances.

Guillermo Pérez’s complete mastery of the organetto means that he can articulate and shape notes like on a recorder, while his fellow performers’ virtuosity on their respective instruments is also stunning. Repertoire which in some performances can sound dead in the water – who has not sat through stultifying renditions of dreary early Tudor music? – comes vividly to life here, while highly imaginative juxtapositions of the different timbres of the instruments and a wonderfully vivid recording make for a winning combination. If you have any familiarity with this repertoire, you will love what these musicians do with it, and – if you don’t – you will just be right royally entertained.

D. James Ross

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Recording

Arde e furor: 18th-century Andalusian Music

Maria Espada soprano, José Hernández Pastor alto, Orquesta Barroca de Sevilla, Diego Fasolis
67:19
Passacaille 1031
Music by de Iribarren & Torrens

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]he Orquesta Barroca de Sevilla directed Diego Fasolis have unearthed music by two composers associated in the 18th century with Malaga Cathedral; a dramatic solo aria and cantatas by Juan Francés de Iribarren, and later villancicos  for solo voice and orchestra by Jayme Torrens. Notwithstanding attempts in the programme notes to make out that this music is distinctive of the region, Iribarren’s output is firmly in the Mannheim tradition of the Stamitzes, while Torrens’ is just as firmly in the style of Viennese classicism. Any elements of Andalusian flavour, such as the intrusive guitar cross-rhythms which appear in a couple of pieces, have clearly been confected by the performers.

A nicely informative programme note laying out the two composers’ training and influences would have been interesting, but, instead, we have a disappointingly trippy treatment including quotes from Stefan Zweig opining about ‘coincidence, passion and friendship’. Fortunately, the music is all of sufficient standard to speak for itself, while the two soloists, soprano Maria Espada and male alto José Hernández Pastor make delightfully idiomatic contributions and the orchestral forces play expressively and dramatically under the dynamic direction of Diego Fasolis.

D. James Ross

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[The embedded video features an earlier CD cover…]
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Recording

Stoltzer: Missa duplex per totum annum, 3 Psalm Motets

Weser-Renaissance, Manfred Cordes
61:50
cpo 999 295-2

[dropcap]A[/dropcap] prolific composer in the first quarter of the 16th century, Stoltzer’s reputation has suffered somewhat from the fact that he worked away from the main centres of musical activity, spending the final years of his life in Hungary, and his music missed out on much of the modern research into the music of the period. As might be expected from the chosen court composer of Maria of Hungary, Stoltzer is an accomplished composer in the style of Heinrich Isaac, although, in the Psalm motets, three of which are performed here, the influence of Josquin can be detected. Weser Renaissance perform the Psalm motets with a blend of instruments and solo voices, a sound which they have cultivated over many years and have applied to a wide range of repertoire. It is both beautifully expressive and wonderfully blended, and I would have liked to have heard the mass movements being given the same treatment. This is particularly the case as the unaccompanied voices never sound quite so secure, and the intonation is sometimes a little dodgy. The mass is performed in alternatim, with the Credo, not set by Stoltzer, entirely chanted. The Agnus Dei is apparently from a different setting by Stoltzer, for which the German-only notes offer no explanation that I can find. In addition to the vocal music advertised, the disc includes two attractive instrumental pieces.

D. James Ross

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Recording

Bach: Variations on variations

concerto italiano, Rinaldo Alessandrini
68:17
naïve OP30575
BWV582, 588, 988, 989

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]here seems to be no end to the processes of second-guessing the inventiveness of Bach’s gift of parodying his own compositions. Re-cycling music too good not to find a continuing life was clearly a temptation to which he frequently yielded. A few years ago a chamber group from Philadelphia, Tempesta di Mare, produceded a CD of the Trio Sonatas for organ (BWV 525-530) arranged for a variety of period instruments by Richard Stone: some movements already existed as prototypes, parodied by Bach himself as sinfonias in cantatas. I much enjoyed hearing them, and indeed bought the transcriptions and have played a number of them. Now Rinaldo Alessandrini has taken a number of Bach works where Variations are the linking theme, and scored them for a few strings and continuo.

The results are enjoyable, and mostly pretty successful. The Passacaglia in C minor taken from BWV 582 (which Alessandrini outdatedly claims was for the pedal harpsichord originally) sounds well on strings in D minor. The way the melodic material of successive variations frequently grows out of the preceding figurations suits the four-part string instrument texture well, as does the polyphony of the fugue. This is a full-blooded performance, and lets you know what you are in for, in terms of a “no holds barred” style.

A lover of Vivaldi, Alessandrini sees the potential in developing a keyboard work into a rather fuller texture. While the Canzona (BWV 588) is a literal transcription, and the Italian Aria variations translate pretty straightforwardly into a sonata for violin and basso continuo, it is in the Goldberg Variations that we see him working the sketchy counterpoint possible on the keyboard – where there are frequent hints of a third or even fourth part in more polyphonic variations – into new, freely composed parts. Sometimes the result goes with a swing (as in Variation 1) or lets us hear in detail what the keyboard original only suggests. Sometimes it is too far from the original, and sounds almost like Brahms (as in the minor Variation 25). So, while I admire Alessandrini’s ingenuity (and his normally pretty minimalist continuo playing), I am not altogether taken with his arrangements here, though his rather spare sounds are certainly an improvement in textural terms on the chamber orchestra version recorded by Bernard Labadie and Les Violons du Roy in 2014.

All this is a long way from Stokowsky’s orchestration of the Toccata and Fugue in D minor, and Bach, after all, was known to improvise a third voice when playing continuo, but I am not sure that I’ll play these Goldbergs in wakeful hours of the night. Each variation’s scoring raises some new hare running in my mind, and I’d be endlessly switching on the light and reaching for the score. I’m more likely to keep it in the car for long journeys.

On the whole, it’s a stimulating exercise, and well worth doing, though for my money Tempesta di Mare and Richard Stone do it better, if you want to explore the possibilities of this kind of parody technique.

David Stancliffe

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Recording

Bach: Fantasias, Preludes & Fugues

James Johnstone (Raphaëlis Organ, Roskilde)
59:29
Metronome MET CD 1095
BWV 535, 537, 538, 544, 545, 572, 578

[dropcap]W[/dropcap]hen I reviewed the first volume of James Johnstone’s complete Bach organ music in June 2016, recorded on the reconstructed Wagner organ in Trondheim Cathedral, I welcomed his stylish and lively playing, saying how important the choice of organ was for such a project. This is the second volume, and shows the same spirited playing, good choice of instrument and fresh approach to colour. He clearly plays from newly edited scores (listen to the Largo in BWV 545) and there is always the sense that he comes from a world of informed and concerted music-making that is a good way from the presuppositions of the English cathedral organ loft.

For these Fantasias, Preludes & Fugues, Johnstone turns to the Raphaëlis organ set near the pulpit in the western half of Roskilde cathedral, where he had recorded (on the Marcussen choir organ) Paul McCreesh’s fine Matthew Passion in 2004. This organ began its life in 1554-5, and, after modernisation in 1611 and in 1654-5, very little was done till 1833, when the firm of Marcussen did a major rebuild. Further enlargement took place in 1926 and 1950. Marcussen completed a major reconstruction in 1991, refashioning the structure and voicing to its 17th-century form. The results are an instrument that speaks with clarity and zip, whose action must make it a pleasure to play.

The tempi are on the brisk side and Johnstone’s registration aids his clean fingerwork. The only fly in the ointment is the sometimes slow-speaking pedal 8’ Trompet, which he uses a lot to give clarity to the pedal line in preference to the 16’. As with a number of the organs of this period, the only pedal fluework is a Principal chorus based on the 16’, with a solitary flute at 8’. 1’ Sedecima  stops on both the Rygpositiv and the Brystværk indicate the instrument’s early origins and there is (as far as I can tell) only one Tierce rank.

The cracking pace of the Prelude and Fugue in B minor BWV 544 is exhilarating, and neither here – nor in the Gravement in BWV 572 – is he afraid to use a manual 16’. But, if you want a testimony to his fingerwork, listen to the clarity of the episodes in the Prelude in G minor BWV 535. The disc ends with the Dorian Toccata and Fugue where you can appreciate the balanced flue choruses of the Manualværk and Rygpositiv. For the Fugue he adds the 8’ manual Trompet  for a rich and zesty fullness.

The dancing rhythms and splendid energy of Johnstone’s playing are matched by quality recording technique, which makes this a complete Bach organ music to follow with eager anticipation. Collect them all.

David Stancliffe

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Recording

C. P. E. Bach: Lieder

Mariví Blasco soprano, Yago Mahúgo fortepiano, Impetus Madrid Baroque Ensemble
62:51
Brilliant Classics 95462

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his is certainly an interesting collection of a repertoire that was wholly unknown to me. This CD offers a selection of 26 of C. P. E. Bach’s more than 180 Lieder, and the liner notes include interesting comments on the origins and development of the genre. I find that a little goes a long way.

There is some reference to an older style, like the almost Handelian fugato  in the opening of Trost der Erlösung  (track 4), but most pre-figure an almost Mozartian sense of tuneful line as in Weihnachtslied  (8). In Gott, der Ernährer der Menschen  (12) there are quotations from the chorale Vater Unser, that introduce a more churchy element to these largely drawing-room meditations.

In the second half of the disc, selected songs are performed – following the composer’s suggestion – without the singer! The texts of the sung pieces are given in German and English, but only the titles of the rest. Are these mood pieces the original ‘Songs without Words’? They underline the feature I find most trying about these Lieder, which is that the singer’s line is almost always doubled by the fortepiano. Not only does this raise questions of tuning: the keyboard is tuned in Young at A=430, but occasionally the singer and the keyboard are not entirely on it, and it also makes ornamentation difficult.

Blasco’s clean voice has some of the brittle clarity of the fortepiano, chosen for the earlier songs published in 1758 as well as the later that date from the early 1780s. Her diction fulfils the expectations of such Lieder collections – that the lyrics of such poets should be better known. The fortepiano playing is clean, and the CD has a gathering around a cottage piano on a Sunday evening feel about it. Perhaps I am just too out of sympathy with the theology as well as the compositional style to give this a fair review, but, in spite of perfectly good performances, it doesn’t do much for me.

David Stancliffe

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Categories
Recording

J. S. Bach: Musicalisches Opfer

Bach Collegium Japan, Masaaki Suzuki
72:12
BIS-2151 SACD
BWV1079 + Aria from BWV988, BWV1038, BWV1087

[dropcap]T[/dropcap]his Musical Offering  is intellectually as well as musically satisfying, with a liner note introducing the reader to the – by 1747 – old-fashioned idea that canons (ten of them, to reflect the Ten Commandments) were the bedrock of a musical style that sought to reflect the majesty and incomprehensible greatness of God, while ‘modern’ music in the galant style sought primarily to relax and entertain without troubling the intellect or the theologically inspired quest for meaning.

‘Old’ Bach’s visit to Frederick the Great, where his son Carl Philipp Emanuel was keyboard player in residence, was a widely reported affair. As we know, the ruler of Prussia gave Bach a ‘royal theme’ and was astonished at Bach’s immediate response, and the versatility of his inspirations. Bach promised to work at it, and send the Emperor his considered response, and Suzuki and his companions play the Canones Diversi, followed by the Ricercar à 3, the Canon Perpetuus and the Ricercar à 6 before the Canons à 2 and à 4, the Sonata and finally the Canon Perpetuus.
This tour de force, in a very satisfying form (pace Silas Wollston’s excellent note for Nicolette Moonen’s The Bach Players’ Musical Offering  which I reviewed last July), is completed on this CD by the ten Canons on the Goldberg Ground (BWV 1087) and the Sonata in G major (BWV 1038) for flute, violin and basso continuo.

The Goldberg canons are written over an eight-note soggetto  (or theme) used in the bass line of the Aria from BWV 988. These fourteen conclude with an astonishing four-fold proportion-canon, the A & Ω of all canons. Fourteen also, as Suzuki points out, spells B A C H in numerical code: 2+1+3+8.

BWV 1038 has an almost identical bass line to a slightly later (and much less ‘modern’) sonata for violin and continuo where the fugal imitations were pruned to suggestions, and a wholly different feel was given to the music. I’m only sorry this could not be included too.

As you would expect, the playing and recording are both of the high standard we have come to expect from Suzuki’s forces, and I wholeheartedly commend this extraordinary set of musical puzzles.

David Stancliffe

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