Tag: Baroque

Christina Landshamer, Anja Scherg, Reginald Mobley, Benedikt Kristjánsson, Andreas Wolf, Gaechinger Cantorey, Hans-Christoph Rademann
79:20
Carus 83.310

In addition to the Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate on this packed CD we get a suite from ‘Il Pastor fido’ and the Ode for the Birthday of Queen Anne. All three works belong to the period when the composer was in the employ of the Elector of Hanover but was taking extended leave in London. The story of Handel’s alienation from the Electors of Hanover and his subsequent embarrassment when George I was translated to the British throne is a complete fiction, and it seems they were more than happy to see their favourite composer established in London. That Handel successfully applied himself to major courtly compositions in the latter days of the reign of Queen Anne helped him quickly to become the archetypal British national composer. While the Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate are pieces full of pomp designed to celebrate military victory, the Birthday Ode is more subtle indicating even a degree of affection between the Queen and her rising star composer. Opening with the sublime “Eternal Source of Light” given a fine performance here, this piece seems to show an awareness on the part of the 28-year-old composer that he is stepping into some dauntingly large shoes. In these performances, the orchestra of the Gaechinger Cantorey play with an impressive consistency and idiomatic style while the chorus too produce a pleasingly focussed and expressive sound. The soloists generally impress with their musicality and purity of tone, while the live recording made in the Liederhalle Stuttgart has a fine acoustic bloom with absolutely no audience noise.

D. James Ross

Complete recording, Vol. 20.
Gerlinde Sämann, Isabel Schicketanz, Maria Stosiek, Dorothee Mields, David Erler, Stefan Kunath, Georg Poplutz, Tobias Mäthger, Felix Schwandtke, Martin Schicketanz, Dresdner Kammerchor, Instrumentalisten, Hans-Christoph Rademann
138:05 (2 CDs in a box)
Carus 83.278

These two CDs mark the end of Hans-Christoph Rademann’s complete recording of Schütz in collaboration with the publishers Carus that began in 2006. CD1 includes a number of psalm settings (127, 15, 124, 137, 85, 116, 8 and 7) and the Whitsun Sequence, while CD2 has commissioned works for public occasions, a couple of biblical dialogues, and music of a more personal nature, like Schütz’s ode to his wife who died (aged 24) in 1625. The astonishing variety of music represented here alerts us to the significance of Schütz’s oeuvre spanning the long period of his life from the madrigals composed under the influence of his teacher Gabrieli in Venice, through the richly scored psalms of his early maturity to the biblical dialogues and solo songs, with their minimalist instrumental colouring, of his middle age and maturity, and also to the breadth of his commissioned work.

The team of singers for the single-voice performances of much on these discs is a starry double SSATB quintet with Gerlinde Sämann, Isabel Schickentanz, Dorothee Mields, Georg Poplutz and Tobias Mätheger among their number. Many have connections to the Dresdener Kreuzchor or Kammerchor, like Rademann himself, and the Dresdener Kammerchor here is a fine foil to the solo voices with whom they share the same timbre as the opening psalm, Nisi Dominus (SWV 466), reveals at once. Psalm 15 (SWV 473) that follows it has two contrasting cori, one of alto & bass with two violins and violone, the other soprano & tenor with three trombones. In Psalm 137 – By the waters of Babylon – the verses of lament are given to the chorus tenors with four trombones while those that tell of the hanging up of their harps are sung by two solo sopranos and bass with two theorbos and continuo.

By contrast, the four choirs in the Latin Sequence Veni Sancte Spiritus – two sopranos & fagotto, two cornetti & bass, two tenors & three trombones, alto & tenor with two violins & violone – are not all heard together till the opening chords of verse 4, when Schütz’s characteristic G major to E major shift illuminates the words O lux, and some bars of 6/8 invigorate the heavenly rewards promised. CD1 ends with Psalms 8 and 7 and some of the niftiest trombone playing I have heard amongst other delights. The balance between voices and instruments is excellent, and the ringing clarity of the whole ensemble makes these fine performances under the experienced and sure-footed Rademann.

On CD2, big public works like Da pacem and an immense setting of the Benedicite with a wide variety of instrumental accompaniment to colour the text contrast with the chamber quality of Tugend ist der beste Freund (SWV 442), the strophic Danklied (SWV 368) with its instrumental ritornelli and the solo song Mit der Amphion zwar (SWV 501) that Schütz wrote on the death of his wife. Especially interesting in this category of smaller scale works are the two biblical dialogues – the well-known Easter dialogue (SWV 443) Weib, was weinest du with pairs of soprano and tenor voices for the dialogue between Mary Magdalene and Jesus, and the enchanting Vater Abraham (SWV 477) with its sinfonias for pairs of violins with the rich man (B) and recorders with Abraham (T) probably dating from the 1620s and new to me.

The greater variety of styles shown in CD2 makes this pair of CDs as good an introduction to Schütz as one could imagine. This is not the sweep up of oddments that the final volume of a series often is. If you do not know the long-lived Schütz to be the major figure in German music in the 17th century, buy this volume and start from here.

David Stancliffe

Heinrich, Johann Christoph, Johann Michael & Johann Sebastian Bach
Vox Luminis, Lionel Meunier
66:30
Ricercar RIC401

After presenting the motets by the elder members of the Bach family, Vox Luminis have now turned their attention to those works from the Alte Bach Archiv – some geistliche Konzerte and some sacred cantatas – that use instruments which they couple on this fine CD with BWV 4, the early Easter cantata, Christ lag in Todesbanden.

The recording was made in L’église Notre-Dame de la Nativité in Gedinne, where the organ by Dominique Thomas was built in 2002, and the photograph on the back cover of the excellent 43-page booklet (in English, German and French) shows the ensemble standing in an extended circle to record J. C. Bach’s cantata, Es erhub sich ein Streit. The specification of the organ is given (with the Rohrflöte mistakenly listed on the Hauptwerk) and as usual with Vox Luminis recordings provides a splendid firm foundation to the whole CD. It plays at A=440hz, which is fine for these early works. As anyone who has researched and performed the early Bach cantatas knows, the problems of pitch and temperament are difficult to resolve, many of the parts being written in different key signatures implying instruments at different pitches, and violins often tuned up to A=465. (At a recent concert in the Chapter House of York Minster, Vox Luminis’s organist managed to shift the keyboard down in the middle of a concert so that after playing motets from the Bach-Archiv at 440, Jesu, meine Freude could be performed at A=415 – what would that have done to the tuning if a more outlandish temperament had been involved?)

At any rate, in this recording, every cantata sounds as if it is at just the right pitch for the voices concerned, which to my mind is the acid test. All the Vox Luminis characteristics are there: absolute clarity of the words and the vocal lines so balanced that what in other ensembles are frequently overpowering soprano and tenor voices are restrained and matched equally by the alto and bass lines, whether chorally or singing single voice lines. These limpid textures are apparent from the first piece, Ach, bleib bei uns by J. M. Bach, and this is followed by Die Furcht des Herren by J. C. Bach, written for the installation of the city council with dialogues between Wisdom and various members of the council. Ich danke dir Gott by Heinrich Bach belongs to a previous generation and is a geistliches Konzert for the 17th Sunday after Trinity with astonishingly mature and fluid writing for its five voices and five-part strings in dialogue. More opportunity to hear the solo voices with the string band is offered in Herr, der König freuet sich by J. M. Bach.

In Herr, wende und sei mir gnädig by J. C. Bach the alto and tenors sing of their fears as the grave approaches. The bass, singing with the five-part strings, is the Vox Christi promising strength.

The soprano only heard now leads the chorus in singing ‘neither the dead nor those who go down into hell will praise the Lord’, and the final chorale where busy violins scurry round the choir and the soprano line is reinforced by the organ’s sesquialtera.

All this is a prelude to BWV 4, Christ lag in Todesbanden, which with its similarities to Pachelbel’s cantata on the same chorale and many stylistic features which do not recur in the presumably later cantatas 131, 150, 143 and 71, is proposed as Johann Sebastian’s earliest (surviving) cantata. After the opening sinfonia, Bach creates a chiastic structure and we hear the musicianship of the amazing Zsuzsi Tóth in the two duet verses 2 & 6, never tempted to over-sing the lower voice. The 8’ principal on the organ forms the bass line with only sparing use of the violone, and this gives a different quality to the overall sound world. Both tenor and bass balance the violins perfectly in verses 3 & 5, and again the sesquialtera reinforces the cantus firmus in the alto line of verse 4 effectively, as Bach was to do in the opening chorus of the Matthew Passion and BWV 161 for example. This is a reminder that the addition of a cornetto and three trombones was only made at the revival in Leipzig on9th April 1724. The final chorale mirrors the opening sinfonia splendidly with its dark and yearning sounds. This is a well thought-through and exquisite performance.

The recording is concluded by J. C. Bach’s Michaelmas cantata Es erhub sich ein Streit. Two chori, six-part strings, a fagotto and four trumpets with drums represent Michael’s victory over the serpent, and the consequent peace in heaven. This is a fun piece, and offers a good contrast to Johann Sebastian’s BWV 19 on the same text.

This is another wonderful addition to the Vox Luminis discography. As well as continuing to show us where Johann Sebastian’s technique and sound palette were fostered, there are always new insights as to how his upbringing might colour and shape our performances of his own works today, part at least of which is how to group voices and instruments round the substantial organs Lionel Meunier so tellingly choses.

This recording is quite essential for developing an understanding of how we might perform Bach cantatas now, but the old habits of a previous generation’s standard practice will die hard, I suspect. Unless Vox Luminis decamp to the Thomas organ in the Église Réformée du Bouclier in Strasbourg (which is mostly at A=415, and about which I wrote in EMR of this year, reviewing two cantatas sung by Damien Guillon), I will be interested to see how they cope with the need to perform the Leipzig cantatas at the pitch of the oboes d’amore and traversi, when they move beyond the early cantatas. Where are the organs at A=415?

David Stancliffe